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Cartoon Network also receives content from international networks with shows such as Dragonball Z shows, Yugi Oh, Yuyu Hakusho, Inuyasha, Pokémon, Naruto, and Naruto: Shippuden. Many of these shows are considered manga but are translated into english and retitled cartoons. | Cartoon Network also receives content from international networks with shows such as Dragonball Z shows, Yugi Oh, Yuyu Hakusho, Inuyasha, Pokémon, Naruto, and Naruto: Shippuden. Many of these shows are considered manga but are translated into english and retitled cartoons. | ||
| − | Cartoon Network also distributes its contents internationally. In the United Kingdom for example, Cartoon Network distributes some of its trademark cartoons to the UK TBS network. <ref>Major, Rose. "New Media Markets." 31 Jan 2010 http://www.lexisnexis.com/lnacui2api/results/docview/docview.do?docLinkInd=true&amp;risb=21_T10294816466&amp;format=GNBFI&amp;sort=RELEVANCE&amp;startDocNo=1&amp;resultsUrlKey=29_T10294816469&amp;cisb=22_T10294816468&amp;treeMax=true&amp;treeWidth=0&amp;csi=234634&amp;docNo=3 Date Accessed: 7 Oct 2010</ref> | + | Cartoon Network also distributes its contents internationally. In the United Kingdom for example, Cartoon Network distributes some of its trademark cartoons to the UK TBS network. <ref>Major, Rose. "New Media Markets." 31 Jan 2010 http://www.lexisnexis.com/lnacui2api/results/docview/docview.do?docLinkInd=true&amp;amp;risb=21_T10294816466&amp;amp;format=GNBFI&amp;amp;sort=RELEVANCE&amp;amp;startDocNo=1&amp;amp;resultsUrlKey=29_T10294816469&amp;amp;cisb=22_T10294816468&amp;amp;treeMax=true&amp;amp;treeWidth=0&amp;amp;csi=234634&amp;amp;docNo=3 Date Accessed: 7 Oct 2010</ref> |
<br> | <br> | ||
| − | + | === Trademark Information === <ref>(http://www.cartoonnetwork.com/legal/trademark.html) Date Accessed: 5 Oct 2010</ref><br> 6TEEN © Nelvana Limited. All rights reserved.
| |
| − | |||
ADVENTURE TIME WITH JAKE AND FINN and all related characters and elements are trademarks of and © Cartoon Network. | ADVENTURE TIME WITH JAKE AND FINN and all related characters and elements are trademarks of and © Cartoon Network. | ||
Revision as of 09:32, 8 October 2010
Cartoon Network Fall 2010 Kristoffer Falcones, Anna Mackey, Brendan Mahoney,
History
Cartoon Network, created by Turner Broadcasting, is a cable television channel dedicated to animated programming. In 1986, before Cartoon Network was created, Ted Turner’s cable-conglomerate acquired the existing MGM film and television library.[1] Two years later, cable channel Turner Network Television (TNT) gained an audience with this film library, and lead Turner to purchase the animation studio Hanna-Barbera Productions in 1991.[2] This acquisition provided Turner with an even larger library, and in October of 1922, Cartoon Network was created as an outlet for Turner’s library of animation.
Initially, programming consisted of reruns of classic Warner Bros. cartoons along with some Hanna-Barbera time-fillers. In 1994, Cartoon Network created its first two original series: The Moxy Show and Space Ghost Coast to Coast. In 1995, The What-A-Cartoon! Show, a series of creator-driven short cartoons, premiered with the objective to steer away from repetitive programming and really expand the channel’s exclusive content. The show spun-off six highly successful original series: Dexter’s Laboratory, Johnny Bravo, Cow and Chicken, The Powerpuff Girls, Mike, Lu, & Og, and Courage the Cowardly Dog.[3]
In 1996, Turner merged with Time Warner. This merger consolidated ownership of all Warner Bros. cartoons.[4] Time Warner changed the direction of Cartoon Network, focusing the studio exclusively on creating new material for the channel. Currently, nearly all of Cartoon Network’s classic cartoon programming has been relocated to its sister network Boomerang[5], creating even more space for new programming. In 2001, Adult Swim premiered as a “spin-off” programming block targeting adults. In 2005, Turner Broadcasting split Adult Swim from Cartoon Network so it could be treated as a separate channel for rating purposes. Though it is treated as a separate channel, it still shares channel space with Cartoon Network, allotted the hours of 10:00 PM to 6:00 AM EST.[6] The introduction of Adult Swim really expanded Cartoon Network’s audience, as it began appealing not only to children, but to the 18+ demographic as well.
In February of 2007 Jim Samples, general manager of Cartoon Network for thirteen years, resigned because of the Boston bomb scare.[7] Stuart Snyder was named successor, and under his leadership Cartoon Network underwent a number of changes, including in 2009 a new block of live-action reality shows promoted as CN Real.
Ownership and Conglomeration
Cartoon Network is run by Turner Broadcasting System, Inc., a Time Warner company. In addition to Cartoon Network, TBS, Inc. also runs the CNN network, as well as the entertainment networks TBS, TNT, Turner Classic Movies, Adult Swim, Boomerang, truTV, Peachtree TV, and many additional international channels.
Before TBS, Inc. began, R.E. Turner purchased WJRJ-Atlanta, a small UHF station, and renamed it WTCG for parent company Turner Communications Group. In 1976, after successful guidance from Turner, WTCG originated the “superstation” concept, transmitting programming via satellite to cable systems. In 1976, the company changed its name to Turner Broadcasting System, Inc. In 1980, the company launched CNN, the first 24-hour all-news network and a groundbreaking step in how the world viewed breaking news. Today, TBS Inc. is a leading provider of programming for the basic cable industry, with networks all over the world.[8]
Partnership
Boomerang
While Cartoon Network started as a channel to broadcast cartoons from the MGM and Hanna Barbera libraries, as the channel matured and started to produce original content, however, these programs were shown less and less frequently. To remedy this, Turner Broadcasting created Boomerang in April of 2000. Boomerang, a sister channel of Cartoon Network, is a continuation of the channel's original mission and a home for classic cartoons like Tom and Jerry, The Jetsons, and The Flintstones. [9]
Adult Swim
Cartoon Network's edgy late night block, Adult Swim, begins at 10 p.m. and ends at 6 a.m. Like Cartoon Network, almost all of the programs are cartoons, but many purposefully avoid the mainstream. Adult Swim has carved out a niche for itself in late night cable with cult cartoons like Aqua Teen Hunger Force, The Venture Bros, Space Ghost: Coast to Coast (a parody of late night talk shows), and Robot Chicken.[10] Adult Swim is also partially also responsible for resurrecting the popular show Family Guy, which became extremely successful in syndication after it had been cancelled by FOX.[11]
Aqua Teen Hunger Force, one of Adult Swim's signature programs and also it's longest running, gained significant press surrounding a guerrilla marketing campaign. The campaign, which involved LED light up placards of an ATHF minor character giving the finger, was misconstrued as a bomb threat in Boston and led to the arrest of two men. Turner Broadcasting was forced to apologize for the stunt and paid a $2 Million restitution. Jim Samples, the general manager of Cartoon Network who authorized the campaign resigned in light of the event.[12]
Production, Distribution, Transmission
Cartoon Network produces many original hit shows such as Courage the Cowardly Dog, Dexter's Laboratory, The Powerpuff Girls, Cow and Chicken, and Ed, Edd and Eddy. Newer originals include The Marvelous Misadventures of Flapjacks, Chowder, and Ben 10: Alien Force. These are all produced and broadcasted by Cartoon Network. The channel also has third party trademarks and partnerships (listed below) that are under the Turner Broadcasting System ownership and are broadcasted by the network. One trademark that was acquired by Turner Broadcasting System was Warner Bros. Batman and Justice League, which were exclusive to the network until the creation of the Kids WB block on the WB channel. Besides the third party trademarks, Cartoon Network originals produced by the Cartoon Network Studios remain exclusively on the channel and not distributed to any other network.
Cartoon Network also receives content from international networks with shows such as Dragonball Z shows, Yugi Oh, Yuyu Hakusho, Inuyasha, Pokémon, Naruto, and Naruto: Shippuden. Many of these shows are considered manga but are translated into english and retitled cartoons.
Cartoon Network also distributes its contents internationally. In the United Kingdom for example, Cartoon Network distributes some of its trademark cartoons to the UK TBS network. [13]
=== Trademark Information === [14]
6TEEN © Nelvana Limited. All rights reserved.
ADVENTURE TIME WITH JAKE AND FINN and all related characters and elements are trademarks of and © Cartoon Network.
BABY LOONEY TUNES and all related characters and elements are trademarks of and © Warner Bros. Entertainment Inc.
BAKUGAN BATTLE BRAWLERS © SEGA TOYS/SPINMASTER/BAKUGAN
PROJECT BATMAN: THE BRAVE AND THE BOLD and all related characters and elements are trademarks of and © DC Comics.
BEN 10 and all related characters and elements are trademarks of and © Cartoon Network.
BEN 10 ALIEN FORCE and all related characters and elements are trademarks of and © Cartoon Network.
BEN 10: ALIEN SWARM and all related characters and elements are trademarks of and © Cartoon Network.
BIG BABY and all related characters and elements are trademarks of and © Cartoon Network.
BOBB’E SAYS and all related elements are trademarks of and © Cartoon Network.
BOOMERANG and all related elements are trademarks of and © Cartoon Network.
BRAINRUSH and all related elements are trademarks of and © Cartoon Network.
CASPER’S SCARE SCHOOL TM and © Ward Productions.
CAMP LAZLO and all related characters and elements are trademarks of and © Cartoon Network.
CAPTAIN PLANET AND THE PLANETEERS and all related characters and elements are trademarks of and © TBS Productions, Inc.
CHOP SOCKY CHOOKS ©Aardman Animations ltd/Decode/CSC Productions, Inc. 2008.
CHOWDER and all related characters and elements are trademarks of and © Cartoon Network.
CODENAME: KIDS NEXT DOOR and all related characters and elements are trademarks of and © Cartoon Network.
COURAGE THE COWARDLY DOG and all related characters and elements are trademarks of and © Cartoon Network.
COW AND CHICKEN and all related characters and elements are trademarks of and © Cartoon Network.
DESTROY BUILD DESTROY and all related elements are trademarks of and © Cartoon Network.
DEXTER'S LABORATORY and all related characters and elements are trademarks of and © Cartoon Network.
DIAL M FOR MONKEY and all related characters and elements are trademarks of and © Cartoon Network.
DUDE, WHAT WOULD HAPPEN and all related elements are trademarks of and © Cartoon Network.
ED, EDD N EDDY and all related characters and elements are trademarks of and © Cartoon Network.
EVIL CON CARNE and all related characters and elements are trademarks of and © Cartoon Network.
THE FLINTSTONES and all related characters and elements are trademarks of and © Hanna-Barbera.
FOSTER'S HOME FOR IMAGINARY FRIENDS and all related characters and elements are trademarks of and © Cartoon Network.
FUSION FALL and all related characters and elements are trademarks of and © Cartoon Network.
GARFIELD © Paws, Inc. THE GARFIELD SHOW © 2008-2010 Dargaud Media.
GENERATOR REX and all related characters and elements are trademarks of and © Cartoon Network.
GET ANIMATED and all related elements are trademarks of and © Cartoon Network.
GEORGE OF THE JUNGLE © Bullwinkle Studios. All rights reserved.
GEORGE OF THE JUNGLE and associated character names, images and other indicia are trademarks of and copyrighted by Ward Productions, Inc. and Bullwinkle Studios.
THE GRIM ADVENTURES OF BILLY & MANDY and all related characters and elements are trademarks of and © Cartoon Network.
MY GYM PARTNER'S A MONKEY and all related characters and elements are trademarks of and © Cartoon Network.
HAR HAR THARSDAYS and logo are trademarks of and © Cartoon Network.
HOT WHEELS: BATTLE FORCE 5 © 2009 Mattel, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
MATTEL, HOT WHEELS, and associated trademarks and trade dress are owned by Mattel, Inc.
HUCKLEBERRY HOUND and all related characters and elements are trademarks of and © Hanna-Barbera.
I AM WEASEL and all related characters and elements are trademarks of and © Cartoon Network.
JABBERJAW and all related characters and elements are trademarks of and © Hanna-Barbera.
THE JETSONS and all related characters and elements are trademarks of and © Hanna-Barbera.
JOHNNY BRAVO and all related characters and elements are trademarks of and © Cartoon Network.
JOHNNY TEST © Johnny Test Productions, Inc. A subsidiary of Cookie Jar Entertainment Inc. All Rights Reserved.
THE JUSTICE FRIENDS and all related characters are trademarks of and © Cartoon Network.
KRYPTO THE SUPERDOG and all related characters and elements are trademarks of and © DC Comics.
LEAGUE OF SUPER EVIL © 2008 Nerd Corps Entertainment, Inc.
MAGILLA GORILLA and all related characters and elements are trademarks of and © Hanna-Barbera.
THE MARVELOUS MISADVENTURES OF FLAPJACK and all related characters and elements are trademarks of and © Cartoon Network.
MIKE, LU & OG and all related characters and elements are trademarks of and © Cartoon Network.
MY GYM PARTNER'S A MONKEY and all related characters and elements are trademarks of and © Cartoon Network
NBA and all related elements are trademarks of and © NBA Entertainment.
NARUTO © 2002 MASASHI KISHIMOTO THE OTHERSIDERS and all related characters and elements are trademarks of and © Cartoon Network
POKÉMON © 2006 Pokémon. © 1997-2006 Nintendo, Creatures.
GAME FREAK, TV Tokyo, Shopro, JR Kikaku.
Pokémon properties are trademarks of Nintendo.
THE POWERPUFF GIRLS and all related characters and elements are trademarks of and © Cartoon Network.
QUICK DRAW MCGRAW and all related characters and elements are trademarks of and © Hanna-Barbera.
SAMURAI JACK and all related characters and elements are trademarks of and © Cartoon Network.
SCOOBY-DOO and all related characters and elements are trademarks of and © Hanna-Barbera.
WHAT'S NEW SCOOBY-DOO? and all related characters and elements are trademarks of and © Hanna-Barbera.
THE SECRET SATURDAYS and all related characters and elements are trademarks of and © Cartoon Network.
THE SECRET SQUIRREL SHOW and all related characters and elements are trademarks of and © Hanna-Barbera.
SKUNK FU! © Cartoon Saloon 2007
STAR WARS: THE CLONE WARS TM & © 2008 Lucasfilm Ltd. All Rights Reserved. Used Under Authorization. Star WarsTM: The Clone WarsTM and all characters, names and related indicia are trademarks of & © 2008 Lucasfilm Ltd.
STOKED © Fresh TV 2009.
THE SUPER HERO SQUAD SHOW © 2009 Marvel Entertainment, Inc. and its subsidiaries.
SURVIVE THIS © 2009 SMK Productions Ltd
TEEN TITANS and all related characters and elements are trademarks of and © DC Comics.
THUMB WRESTLING FEDERATION TM and © 2010 TLSC.
TOM AND JERRY and all related characters and elements are trademarks of and © Turner Entertainment Co.
TOTAL DRAMA ACTION © Fresh TV 2009
TOTAL DRAMA ISLAND © Fresh TV 2007
TRANSFORMERS ANIMATED © Hasbro Inc.
WACKY RACES and all related characters and elements are trademarks of Hanna-Barbera. © Hanna-Barbera and Heatter-Quigley.
WHAT A CARTOON! TM Cartoon Network.
YOGI BEAR and all related characters and elements are trademarks of and © Hanna-Barbera.
Audiences
Cartoon Network splits its target age demographics into the following sections[15]:
• Kids 12-17
• Kids 2-11
• Kids 6-11
• Kids 9-14
• Men 12-17
• Men 18-24
• Men 18-34
• Men 18+
• Persons 18-24
• Persons 18-34
• Persons 18-49
• Persons 18+
• Persons 25-49
• Persons 25-54
• Persons 35+
The demographics of Cartoon Network's audience (as of May 2010) was recorded as follows[16]:
Gender
Male: 57%
Female: 43%
Age
3-12: 20%
13-17: 35%
18-34: 19%
35-49: 18%
50+: 8%
Race/Ethinicity
Caucasian: 47%
African American: 24%
Latino/Hispanic: 19%
Asian: 8%
Other: 1%
Income
$0-30k: 19%
$30-60k: 28%
$60-100k: 29%
$100k+: 23%
Education
No College: 58%
College: 31%
Grad School: 10%
The Turner Broadcasting System gears Cartoon Network toward children but the channel receives a large amount of adults, especially across Europe, making up 30 to 40 percent of its audience[17]. In the United Kingdom specifically, the adult audience makes up 42 percent. Because of the large adult audience, Turner Broadcasting System executives launched Boomerang in May of the year 2000 in order to bring back the cartoons those adults grew up with[18]. This was also a strategy used to broaden the variety of cartoons available to the adult audience as well as to show cartoons the new generation of viewers may have never seen.
In other countries such as the Philippines, Cartoon Network has risen as the number one channel for children between the ages of two and twelve.
Branding Strategies
Because of Cartoon Network’s younger demographic, much of the network’s branding includes an interactive website with games, videos, and a retail shop targeting a young demographic. Cartoon Network also launched a Cartoon Network Magazine, and in 2007 Teshkeel Media Group announced their partnership with CN to publish Arabic and English versions of Cartoon Network Magazine in the Middle East and North Africa.[19]
The CN retail shop carries merchandise specific to seventeen of its shows, including backpacks, T-Shirts, bedding, books, costumes, DVDs, games, and various other products. On October 5, 2010 Cartoon Network Enterprises and MEGA Brands entered a global licensing agreement to develop construction toys based on CN’s new boys action series, Generator Rex.[20] This is the first time the companies have partnered on product development, and this step will further commodify Cartoon Network's programming. Cartoon Network also targets the younger demographic with their facebook page boasting 1,157,009 fans as of October 7, 2010 as well as a FartBlaster game.
Adult Swim hosts its own website with games, videos, and retail shop as well. In parallel with its programming, the Adult Swim merchandise targets an older audience with merchandise ranging from DVDs to “I Hate My Boss” mugs.
Signature Programming
As one would expect, Cartoon Network's signature programming is animation, which has been true since the channel's formation and remains true today. Cartoon Network started showing older classics in the Hanna-Barbera library, but in 1995, with Space Ghost, Coast to Coast and The Moxy Show, Cartoon Network began its evolution toward more original programming. The new crop of shows, which included Dexter's Laboratory, The Powerpuff Girls, and Johnny Bravo, became the channel's staples. These shows have since ended and been replaced by newer cartoons, like Ben 10: Ultimate Alien and Teen Titans. Cartoon Network also broadcasts several Japanese manga programs in its current schedule, such as Bakugan Gundalian Invaders and Beyblade Metal Fusion. While cartoons continue to be the channels primary identity, more recently the channel has begun to experiment with other forms of television.
CN Real
In 2009, Cartoon Network launched a sub-brand called CN Real, an umbrella term for its new, original live action programming, which includes both scripted and reality show programs aimed to appeal at the younger audience of Cartoon Network. Unnatural History and Tower Prep are two scripted, hour long dramas, while Destroy Build Destroy and Dude, What Would Happen are structured similarly to popular American reality shows like Junkyard Wars and Mythbusters.[21] CN Real's newest show, Hole in the Wall is based off the Japanese Game show Nōkabe.[22]
References
- ↑ Delugach, Al. “Way Cleared for Turner’s MGM Deal.” Los Angeles Times. March 04, 1986. http://articles.latimes.com/1986-03-04/business/fi-15193_1_ted-turner Date accessed: October 6, 2010.
- ↑ Lippman, John. “Turner is Buying Hanna-Barbera Film Library.” Los Angeles Times. October 30, 1991. http://articles.latimes.com/1991-10-30/business/fi-565_1_film-library Date accessed: October 6, 2010.
- ↑ Harris, Jeff and Kavalos, Jonathan. “What is Cartoon Cartoon?” Nick and More. http://www.nickandmore.com/archive/fridays/whatacartoon.html Date accessed: October 6, 2010.
- ↑ Lander, Mark. “Turner to Merge Into Time Warner; A $7.5 Billion Deal.” The New York Times. September 23, 1995. http://www.nytimes.com/1995/09/23/us/turner-to-merge-into-time-warner-a-7.5-billion-deal.html Date accessed: October 6, 2010.
- ↑ Bortz, Peter. “Cartoon Network History.” Animation Sensations. http://www.animationsensations.com/cartoon_network_history.html Date accessed: October 6, 2010.
- ↑ “Adult Swim/CN Split Cements Straegy.” March 3, 2005. http://www.icv2.com/articles/news/6516.html Date accessed: October 6, 2010.
- ↑ Ryan, Andrew. “Cartoon Network head resigns after Boston bomb scares.” http://www.boston.com/news/globe/city_region/breaking_news/2007/02/cartoon_network.html Date accessed: October 7, 2010.
- ↑ “Corporate History.” Turner Broadcasting System, Inc. A Time Warner Company. http://www.turner.com/about/corporate_history.html Date accessed: October 7, 2010.
- ↑ King, Susan. "Hanna-Barbera Cartoons Return on New Boomerang." Los Angeles Times. April 01, 2000. http://articles.latimes.com/2000/apr/01/entertainment/ca-14752&amp;gt;. Date Accessed : 7 October 2010.
- ↑ "Shows." Adult Swim. 2009. Turner Sports and Entertainment Digital Network. http://www.adultswim.com/shows/index.html;. Date Accessed: 7 October 2010.
- ↑ Lowry, Brian. "Family Guy Review." Variety. 27 April 2005. Reed Business Information. Web. http://www.variety.com/review/VE1117926915.html?categoryid=32;. Date Accessed : 7 October 2010.
- ↑ Boston Globe City and Region Desk. "Community service for defendants in Cartoon Network case." The Boston Globe, 11 May 2007. Web. http://www.boston.com/news/globe/city_region/breaking_news/2007/05/defendants_in_c.html;. Date Accessed: 7 Oct 2010.
- ↑ Major, Rose. "New Media Markets." 31 Jan 2010 http://www.lexisnexis.com/lnacui2api/results/docview/docview.do?docLinkInd=true&amp;risb=21_T10294816466&amp;format=GNBFI&amp;sort=RELEVANCE&amp;startDocNo=1&amp;resultsUrlKey=29_T10294816469&amp;cisb=22_T10294816468&amp;treeMax=true&amp;treeWidth=0&amp;csi=234634&amp;docNo=3 Date Accessed: 7 Oct 2010
- ↑ (http://www.cartoonnetwork.com/legal/trademark.html) Date Accessed: 5 Oct 2010
- ↑ http://www.cablemediasales.com/pages/nets/?cp=nets&sp=info&net=cart Date Accessed: 7 Oct 2010
- ↑ http://www.quantcast.com/cartoonnetwork.com Date Accessed: 7 Oct 2010
- ↑ Major, Rose "New Media Markets" 31 Jan 2010 http://www.lexisnexis.com/lnacui2api/results/docview/docview.do?docLinkInd=true&risb=21_T10294816466&format=GNBFI&sort=RELEVANCE&startDocNo=1&resultsUrlKey=29_T10294816469&cisb=22_T10294816468&treeMax=true&treeWidth=0&csi=234634&docNo=3
- ↑ Major, Rose. "New Media Markets" 31 Jan 2010 http://www.lexisnexis.com/lnacui2api/results/docview/docview.do?docLinkInd=true&risb=21_T10294816466&format=GNBFI&sort=RELEVANCE&startDocNo=1&resultsUrlKey=29_T10294816469&cisb=22_T10294816468&treeMax=true&treeWidth=0&csi=234634&docNo=3 Date Accessed: 7 Oct 2010
- ↑ "Teshkeel Media Group announces partnership with TimeWarner's Cartoon Network." AMEinfo. December 15, 2007. http://ameinfo.com/141883.html Date accessed: October 7, 2010.
- ↑ Alford, Bryan. "Cartoon Network Enterprises Partners with MEGA Brands to Create Construction Toys Based on "Generator Rex"." Nick and More. October 5, 2010. http://www.nickandmore.com/2010/10/05/cartoon-network-enterprises-partners-with-mega-brands-mto-create-construction-toys-based-on-generator-rex Date accessed: October 7, 2010.
- ↑ Lloyd, Robert. "Cartoon Network's new reality shows, kid style." Los Angeles Times. 17 Jun 2009. Web. http://articles.latimes.com/2009/jun/17/entertainment/et-cartoon-reality17&gt;. Date Accessed: 7 Oct 2010.
- ↑ Schneider, Michael. "Cartoon digs a 'Hole'." Variety. 20 Jul. 2010. Web. http://www.variety.com/article/VR1118021937.html?categoryid=1050&amp;cs=1&gt;. Date Accessed: 7 Oct 2010.