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= <big>'''Comedy Central'''</big>  =
 
= <big>'''Comedy Central'''</big>  =
  
== History and Ownership ==
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== Industrial Analysis ==
  
Comedy Central was launched in 1990 after Time Warner merged Comedy Channel, which had been part of HBO, with Viacom's, MTV Network's "Ha!". The new channel was owned 50/50 by Time Warner and Viacom. In April of 2003 Viacom bought out Time Warner's (now AOL Time Warner) 50% stake in the channel for $1.225 billion.<ref>CBS News. "Viacom Buys All of Comedy Central" April 22, 2003. http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2003/04/22/entertainment/main550489.shtml</ref> Today, Comedy Central is owned and is a registered trademark of, Comedy Partners, a wholly-owned division of Viacom Inc.'s MTV Networks. Comedy Central is an essential part of MTV Netowork's growing cable portfolio that also includes MTV, Nickelodeon, VH-1 and TV Land. <ref>Comedy Central. "COMEDY CENTRAL® RECORDS HOTTEST SUMMER IN HISTORY WITH RECORD RATINGS AND DELIVERY." Web. 08 Sept 2010. http://www.comedycentral.com/press/press_release/2010/090810_summer_ratings.jhtml</ref>
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=== History and Ownership  ===
  
Comedy Central first showed up on American Televisions on April 1, 1991. Throughout the 90's the popularity of the channel grew and successful programming such as "Mystery Science Theater 3000" and "Short Attention Span Theater," became staples for the channel. 1993 saw the premier of "Out There," the first ever all-gay comedy television special. They furthered their trailblazing ways with original programming such as "Win Ben Stein's Money" a popular game show before the days of "Who Wants To Be A Millionaire." The 90's also saw the channel have success with acquired programming such as "Saturday Night Live" and "Whose Line Is It Anyway?". Though they received a smaller budget from Viacom and Time Warner than other channels, such as MTV and HBO, they consequently were given more freedom for programming. This allowed for the development of crude shows such as "South Park", which in 1998, received an 8.6 rating, the highest rated series episode in basic cable history at the time. <ref>Comedy Central. "HAPPY 10TH ANNIVERSARY COMEDY CENTRAL® THE ALL–COMEDY NETWORK CELEBRATES A LANDMARK DECADE OF LAUGHS ON APRIL 1" 2001 Mar 2001. Web. http://www.comedycentral.com/press/press_releases/2001/031201_10th_Anniversary.jhtml</ref> The success of the channel became more mainstream in the 21st century with its use of political satire on "The Daily Show" and the cutting edge comedy "Tosh.o". Comedy Central has continued to stay on the cutting edge of market innovation with the debut of Comedy Central HD in January of 2009. <ref>Multi Channel News. "Comedy Central Launches HDTV Network" 13 Jan 2009. Web. http://www.multichannel.com/article/162078-Comedy_Central_Launches_HDTV_Network.php</ref> The channel has also extended itself to ten localized international markets, including Germany, Italy, the UK, and starting in 2011, Israel. <ref>C21 Media. "Comedy Central Heads to Israel" 29 Jul 2010. Web. http://www.c21media.net/news/detail.asp?area=4&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;article=56709</ref>  
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Comedy Central was launched in 1990 after Time Warner merged Comedy Channel, which had been part of HBO, with Viacom's, MTV Network's Ha!. The new channel was owned 50/50 by Time Warner and Viacom. In April of 2003 Viacom bought out Time Warner's (now AOL Time Warner) 50% stake in the channel for $1.225 billion.<ref>CBS News. "Viacom Buys All of Comedy Central" April 22, 2003. http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2003/04/22/entertainment/main550489.shtml</ref> Today, Comedy Central is owned and is a registered trademark of, Comedy Partners, a wholly-owned division of Viacom Inc.'s MTV Networks. Comedy Central is an essential part of MTV Network's growing cable portfolio that also includes MTV, Nickelodeon, VH-1 and TV Land. <ref>Comedy Central. "COMEDY CENTRAL® RECORDS HOTTEST SUMMER IN HISTORY WITH RECORD RATINGS AND DELIVERY." Web. 08 Sept 2010. http://www.comedycentral.com/press/press_release/2010/090810_summer_ratings.jhtml</ref> The current President of the Channel is Michele Ganeless who has been in this role since 2007. Former President Doug Herzog, who now is the president of all of MTV Networks, said about Gainless, "She’s one of the key architects of Comedy Central and she’s one of the true leaders to take it into its next phase.<ref>Broadcasting and Cable. "Ganeless Named Comedy Central President." Web. 05 Sept 2007. http://www.broadcastingcable.com/article/99239-Ganeless_Named_Comedy_Central_President.php</ref>  
  
== Marketing  ==
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Comedy Central first showed up on American Televisions on April 1, 1991. Throughout the 90's the popularity of the channel grew and successful programming such as ''Mystery Science Theater 3000'' and ''Short Attention Span Theater'', became staples for the channel. 1993 saw the premier of "Out There," the first ever all-gay comedy television special. Another innovative original programming the network debuted was ''Win Ben Stein's Money'' a popular game show before the days of ''Who Wants To Be A Millionaire''. The 90's also saw the channel have success with acquired programming such as ''Saturday Night Live'' and ''Whose Line Is It Anyway?''. Though they received a smaller budget from Viacom and Time Warner than other channels, such as MTV and HBO, they consequently were given more freedom for programming. This allowed for the development of crude shows such as ''South Park'', which in 1998, received an 8.6 rating, the highest rated series episode in basic cable history at the time. <ref>Comedy Central. "HAPPY 10TH ANNIVERSARY COMEDY CENTRAL® THE ALL–COMEDY NETWORK CELEBRATES A LANDMARK DECADE OF LAUGHS ON APRIL 1" 2001 Mar 2001. Web. http://www.comedycentral.com/press/press_releases/2001/031201_10th_Anniversary.jhtml</ref> Comedy Central has gone more mainstream in the 21st century with its use of political satire on hit talk shows: ''The Daily Show'' and ''The Colbert Report'', and the cutting edge clip show ''Tosh.O''. Comedy Central has continued to keep up with market innovation debuting Comedy Central HD in January of 2009. <ref>Multi Channel News. "Comedy Central Launches HDTV Network" 13 Jan 2009. Web. http://www.multichannel.com/article/162078-Comedy_Central_Launches_HDTV_Network.php</ref> The channel has also extended itself to ten localized international markets, including Germany, Italy, the UK, and starting in 2011, Israel. <ref>C21 Media. "Comedy Central Heads to Israel" 29 Jul 2010. Web. http://www.c21media.net/news/detail.asp?area=4&amp;article=56709</ref>
  
=== Target Audiences ===
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=== Marketing ===
  
Comedy Central's targets audiences ranging from the ages of 18-49, highly concentrating on adults and men. Viewers are not distracted easily, ranking Comedy Central among the top cable networks in key demos where the viewers are "paying full attention” to its programs.&nbsp;<ref>"Comedy Central: Profile Data" Cable Television Advertising Bureau. Web. 06 Oct 2010. http://www.thecab.tv/php/networkprofiles/networkprofile10.php?type=network&amp;ID=18</ref>&nbsp;&nbsp;Comedy Central aired the two highest-rated original series on basic cable in the age group 18-34 among the men with South Park and The Sarah Silverman Project.&nbsp;(2008)<ref>"Comedy Central: Profile Data" Cable Television Advertising Bureau. Web. 05 Oct 2010. http://www.thecab.tv/php/networkprofiles/08profileData/08_pdfs/COMEDYCENTRAL.pdf</ref>
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==== Target Audiences  ====
  
=== Advertising Strategies<br> ===
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Comedy Central's targets audiences ranges from the ages of 18-49, highly concentrating on adults and men.<ref>http://www.viacom.com/ourbrands/medianetworks/mtvnetworks/Pages/comedycentral.aspx</ref>&nbsp; Comedy Central was ranked among the top cable networks in key demos where the viewers are "paying full attention” to its programs.&nbsp;<ref>"Comedy Central: Profile Data" Cable Television Advertising Bureau. Web. 06 Oct 2010. http://www.thecab.tv/php/networkprofiles/networkprofile10.php?type=network&amp;amp;amp;ID=18</ref>&nbsp;&nbsp;Comedy Central aired the two highest-rated original series on basic cable in the age group 18-34 among the men with&nbsp;''South Park''&nbsp;and&nbsp;''The Sarah Silverman Project''. (2008)&nbsp;<ref>"Comedy Central: Profile Data" Cable Television Advertising Bureau. Web. 05 Oct 2010. http://www.thecab.tv/php/networkprofiles/08profileData/08_pdfs/COMEDYCENTRAL.pdf</ref>&nbsp;Viewers between the ages of 18 and 34 are the most coveted demographic, but in 2009, the median age of the audience for the ''Daily Show'' and ''The Colbert Report'' was up 5 years.&nbsp;<ref>Pomerantz, Dorothy. "The Graying of Comedy Central." 06 Jun 2009. http://www.forbes.com/2009/06/12/stewart-colbert-television-ratings-business-media-stewart.html?</ref>&nbsp;&nbsp;This became a slight problem in the advertising department as advertisers usually buy a premium for younger viewers across the Viacom platform. &nbsp;Advertisers of Viacom channels want to reach the viewers at a young age to create brand loyalty. &nbsp;Because of this, Comedy Central had to work on developing new shows that attracted younger viewers. &nbsp;Shows like ''South Park''&nbsp;were able to gain an wider audience than it's intended target audience of 18-39 males; the age now ranges from&nbsp;16-50, which males aged 18-24 still claiming top spot.&nbsp;<ref>"South Park." Copyright Promotions Licensing Group. Web. 06 Oct 2010. http://www.cplg.com/properties/view/7</ref>&nbsp;&nbsp;Though ''South Park'' carries a parental guidance rating of TV-MA for mature audiences 17 and up, there ''are''&nbsp;censored episodes which are rated TV-14 to reach the younger teens. &nbsp;<br>
  
Comedy Central also looks to reach viewers through mobile applications. &nbsp;Comedy Central was using a SMS/text-based delivery jokes service before they developed an iPhone app that allows users to subscribe to their Joke of the Day service through the downloadable application.&nbsp;<ref>"Comedy Central's Joke of the Day iPhone App Launches." Method, Inc. 17 Jul 2009. Web. 06 Oct 2010. http://method.com/news/briefs/detail/News/67</ref><br> <br>
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==== Advertising &amp; Promotion  ====
  
=== Branding<br>  ===
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With constant promos and reminders of upcoming shows, Comedy Central is aiming at&nbsp; reaching viewers through popular social networks such as Facebook, Twitter, etc. &nbsp;Comedy Central has expanded to the mobile web, offering accessibility to the Website, providing stand-ups and jokes along with ''South Park'' exclusives to mobile phones. &nbsp;Besides reaching out through the mobile web, Comedy Central has also taken mobile applications&nbsp;under their belt. Comedy Central was using a SMS/text-based delivery jokes service before they developed an iPhone app that allows users to subscribe to their Joke of the Day service through the downloadable application.&nbsp;
  
Comedy Central, known as the only all-comedy network, is the #1 provider of surprising, laugh-out-loud programming. Comedy Central "connects with a young adult audience thirsting for fearless, outrageous originals with The Daily Show with Jon Stewart, South Park, The Colbert Report....along with stand-up specials and can't-miss events like the annual Comedy Central Roast."&nbsp;<ref>"Comedy Central: Profile Data" Cable Television Advertising Bureau. Web. 06 Oct 2010. http://www.thecab.tv/php/networkprofiles/networkprofile10.php?type=network&amp;ID=18</ref>&nbsp;Comedy Central's original programs help with the reinventing of classic genres such as news, animation, and comedy variety. &nbsp;Along with Comedy Central's airing of their blockbuster&nbsp;Roasts and annual Last Laugh, the network also offers original specials and stunt programming that viewers won’t find anywhere else.
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Comedy Central has pushed out a Daily Show widget that can be posted to Facebook, MySpace, blogs and anywhere else on the Web. This widget carries a minute-long recap of the previous night's show, with the idea in mind that it'll spread the clips throughout the Internet and not force users to have to go to TheDailyShow.com. With the use of&nbsp;promotional time during The Daily Show to advertise, Comedy Central tries to gain more audiences through these 60-second clips.&nbsp;<ref>Morrisey, Brian. "Comedy Central Crafts 'Daily Show' Highlights Reel." 04 Nov 2009. Adweek.com. Web. 05 Oct 2010. http://www.adweek.com/aw/content_display/news/nontraditional/e3ia2169144d2207c0aeabff4e2c3f73469</ref>  
  
Comedy Central uses paid search to build brand association around its prize program assets. It buys Google ads for searches for shows such as South Park. Comedy Central is paying for ‘association.’ Besides trying to gain viewers of the show, they are trying to establish loyalty around the web-based services that relate to the shows. Claudia Setini-Samuels, head of branding and online "It’s unusual for a channel to do this but it makes sense. We’re tracking what’s being searched for based around comedy and that will have a direct influence on our content – the site must be based on what people are looking for right now."
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Comedy Central uses a variety of platforms including TV, print online, and mobile to promote their programming. Back in 2005, Comedy Central was promoting a new show ''Stella'', through the uses of "influencer" mailings from Cornerstone Marketing (New York), street teams, at clubs and bars, and among other places. Comedy Central also gave Verizon Wireless members preview clips of the show and ran text-based tune-in alerts for Sprint PCS users. Glenn Ginsburg, formal VP of interactive ad sales, said, "Working cross-platform maximizes the reach for an audience, especially with Stella. Hopefully, this will generate a lot of interest." <ref>"Comedy Central Stellabration." BrandWeek. 13 Jun 2005. Web. http://www.brandweek.com/bw/esearch/article_display.jsp?vnu_content_id=1000955399</ref>
  
=== Specific Partnerships ===
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==== Branding<br> ====
  
In 2007, Comedy Central began a partnership with American Greetings to prove a new line of greeting cards starring the characters of South Park. &nbsp;This deal also allowed for future Comedy Central show based cards. &nbsp;American Greetings' licensing chief, Michael Brown said, "Comedy Central is a destination for laughs for millions of people every day, and we're proud to be bringing the humor from some of the network's most recognizable shows to life in a new way." &nbsp;An American Greetings research project had spent 6 months looking at the differences between men and women on what is funny with the Comedy Central cards are being created with men in mind.&nbsp;<ref>"Comedy Central Hits Greeting Cards." USA Today. 13 Sep 2007. Web. 05 Oct 2010. http://www.usatoday.com/money/media/2007-09-13-south-park-cards_N.htm</ref>  
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Comedy Central, known as the only all-comedy network, seeks to establish itself as "the #1 provider of surprising [...] laugh-out-loud programming"<ref>Google Ads Networks, Dec 1, 2010: fckLRhttp://www.google.com/adwords/tvads/networks.html</ref>. Comedy Central "connects with a young adult audience thirsting for fearless, outrageous originals with The Daily Show with Jon Stewart, South Park, The Colbert Report....along with stand-up specials and can't-miss events like the annual Comedy Central Roast."&nbsp;<ref>"Comedy Central: Profile Data" Cable Television Advertising Bureau. Web. 06 Oct 2010. http://www.thecab.tv/php/networkprofiles/networkprofile10.php?type=network&amp;amp;ID=18</ref>&nbsp;This connection with the young audience is valued by Viacom; creating a strong bond with the audience is what Viacom strives for in its channels. Comedy Central's original programs reinvent the classic genres such as news, animation, and comedy variety to fit the wants of a younger audience and to create a relationship between the viewer and the channel. Along with Comedy Central's airing of their blockbuster&nbsp;Roasts and annual Last Laugh, the network also offers original specials and stunt programming.
  
Comedy Central has partnered with live entertainment firms such as Live Nation. The partnership includes the launch of "Comedy Central's House of Comedy Live from House of Blues," in House of Blues venues nationwide. Live Nation has said the cooperations have drawn more than 1 million fans to Comedy Central-branded tours. And Senior VP of Comedy Central Live Entertainment, Mitch Fried, said "With Live Nation and its House of Blues venues, we have found the perfect companions to expand our thriving touring business and grow the Comedy Central brand outwards and off channel." As a part of the deal, Comedy Central will be integrated throughout the venues and retail shops of the House of Blues, including that of on and off stage, and also in show marketing. Comedy Central, likewise, will give advertisers the opportunity to become official sponsors of the comedic series.&nbsp;<ref>Szalai, Georg. "Comedy Central, Live Nation Expand Deal." Hollywood Reporter. 18 Feb 2010. Web. http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/hr/content_display/television/news/e3iedf10d16b35b1c7a99438012c2e2a652</ref>
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Comedy Central uses paid search to build brand association around its prize program assets. It buys Google ads for searches for shows such as South Park. Comedy Central is paying for ‘association.’ Besides trying to gain viewers of the show, they are trying to establish loyalty around the web-based services that relate to the shows. Claudia Setini-Samuels, head of branding and online "It’s unusual for a channel to do this but it makes sense. We’re tracking what’s being searched for based around comedy and that will have a direct influence on our content – the site must be based on what people are looking for right now."&nbsp;
  
Hoping to bring the laughter overseas to USA's military troops, Comedy Central has partnered with the USO (United Service Organizations) to create "PVT Jokes." &nbsp;Comedy kits, including Comedy Central DVD titles, will be reached out to more than 200 forward operating bases and U.S. military hospitals both at home and overseas. &nbsp;This is the second partnership between Comedy Central and USO which had formally brought "The Colbert Report" to Iraq on a USO tour (2009: "Operation Iraqi Stephen: Going Commando).&nbsp;<ref>"COMEDY CENTRAL® Partners With The USO For New Military Outreach Program." Comedy Central. 01 Sep 2009. Web. 07 Oct 2010. http://www.comedycentral.com/press/press_releases/2009/090109_pvt_jokes.jhtml</ref>
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==== Partnerships  ====
  
Comedy Central is now in partnership with Don Mischer Productions to revive the once annual “American Comedy Awards," last taken place in 2001. &nbsp;It will honor and reward the year's best in film, television, digital shorts and performance. &nbsp;The "American Comedy Awards" are scheduled to premiere in 2010 and will premiere simultaneously across all of MTV Networks Entertainment Group channels including the Comedy Central network, Spike TV and TV Land.&nbsp;<ref>"Comedy Central Launches American Comedy Awards. Comedy Central Insider. 17 Sep 2009. Web. 4 Oct 2010. http://ccinsider.comedycentral.com/2009/09/17/breaking-comedy-central-launches-american-comedy-awards/</ref>  
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In 2007, Comedy Central began a partnership with American Greetings launching a new line of greeting cards starring the characters of ''South Park''. &nbsp;This deal also allowed for future Comedy Central show based cards. &nbsp;American Greetings' licensing chief, Michael Brown said, "Comedy Central is a destination for laughs for millions of people every day, and we're proud to be bringing the humor from some of the network's most recognizable shows to life in a new way." &nbsp;An American Greetings research project had spent 6 months looking at the differences between what men and women consider to be funny. The Comedy Central cards are mostly being created with men in mind. &nbsp;<ref>"Comedy Central Hits Greeting Cards." USA Today. 13 Sep 2007. Web. 05 Oct 2010. http://www.usatoday.com/money/media/2007-09-13-south-park-cards_N.htm</ref>&nbsp;This allows Comedy Central to reach viewers outside of their television viewing; Comedy Central programming is able to incorporate itself into daily life.
  
=== Scheduling &amp; Promotional Techniques  ===
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Comedy Central has partnered with live entertainment firms such as Live Nation. The partnership includes the launch of "Comedy Central's House of Comedy Live from House of Blues," in House of Blues venues nationwide. Live Nation has said the cooperations have drawn more than 1 million fans to Comedy Central-branded tours. And Senior VP of Comedy Central Live Entertainment, Mitch Fried, said "With Live Nation and its House of Blues venues, we have found the perfect companions to expand our thriving touring business and grow the Comedy Central brand outwards and off channel." As a part of the deal, Comedy Central will be integrated throughout the venues and retail shops of the House of Blues, including that of on and off stage, and also in show marketing. Comedy Central, likewise, will give advertisers the opportunity to become official sponsors of the comedic series. &nbsp;<ref>Szalai, Georg. "Comedy Central, Live Nation Expand Deal." Hollywood Reporter. 18 Feb 2010. Web. http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/hr/content_display/television/news/e3iedf10d16b35b1c7a99438012c2e2a652</ref>
  
Comedy Central uses a variety of platforms including TV, print online, and mobile to get the word out. Back in 2005, Comedy Central was promoting a new show 'Stella,' through the uses of "influencer" mailings from Cornerstone Marketing (New York), street teams, at clubs and bars, and among other places. Comedy Central also gave Verizon Wireless members preview clips of the show and ran text-based tune-in alerts for Sprint PCS users. Glenn Ginsburg, formal VP of interactive ad sales, said, "Working cross-platform maximizes the reach for an audience, especially with Stella. Hopefully, this will generate a lot of interest." <ref>"Comedy Central Stellabration." BrandWeek. 13 Jun 2005. Web. http://www.brandweek.com/bw/esearch/article_display.jsp?vnu_content_id=1000955399</ref>  
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Comedy Central has partnered with the USO (United Service Organizations) to create "PVT Jokes." &nbsp;Comedy kits, including Comedy Central DVD titles, will be reached out to more than 200 forward operating bases and U.S. military hospitals both at home and overseas. &nbsp;This is the second partnership between Comedy Central and USO which had formally brought ''The Colbert Report'' to Iraq on a USO tour (2009: "Operation Iraqi Stephen: Going Commando).&nbsp;<ref>"COMEDY CENTRAL® Partners With The USO For New Military Outreach Program." Comedy Central. 01 Sep 2009. Web. 07 Oct 2010. http://www.comedycentral.com/press/press_releases/2009/090109_pvt_jokes.jhtml</ref>&nbsp;&nbsp;This partnership with the USO gives Comedy Central the ability to literally create a bond overseas; Comedy Central programming will be able to comfort those on base and allows for a deeper relationship with the network.
  
== Signature Programing and General Trends  ==
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Comedy Central is now in partnership with Don Mischer Productions to revive the once annual ''American Comedy Awards'', last taken place in 2001. &nbsp;It will honor and reward the year's best in film, television, digital shorts and performance. &nbsp;The ''American Comedy Awards ''are scheduled to premiere in 2010 and will premiere simultaneously across all of MTV Networks Entertainment Group channels including the Comedy Central network, Spike TV and TV Land.&nbsp;
  
=== Current Programming  ===
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=== Signature Programing and General Trends  ===
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==== Current Programming  ====
  
 
'''The Daily Show (1996-)'''  
 
'''The Daily Show (1996-)'''  
  
premiered in the summer of 1996 and was initially hosted by Craig Kilbourn. In 1999 Jon Stewart who had previously worked at MTV news took over as the show's anchor. The Show airs Monday through Thursday at 11pm. Episodes are reaired several times during the week during daytime. Even though the show is dubbed "fake news" it has been recognized as an influential political commentary.&nbsp;<ref>Baym, Geoffrey. "The Daily Show: Discursive Integration and the reinvention of Political Journalism."</ref> During the period of the 2008 presidential election the show averaged about 2 million viewers every night, a level the show has since then maintained. The show fares particularly well with male audiences from 18-34. <ref>Starr, Michael. New York Post. 25 Sep 2008. Web. http://www.nypost.com/p/entertainment/tv/jon_got_game_ARuthNhfEW09txbCOTBNkO</ref> <ref>Gorman, Bill. TV By The Numbers. 8 Sep 2010. Web. http://tvbythenumbers.com/2010/09/08/with-the-daily-show-the-colbert-report-tosh-0-comedy-central-records-hottest-summer-ratings-in-history/62579</ref> The show is currently renewed through June 2013.<ref>United Press International, Inc. April 2010. Web. http://www.upi.com/Entertainment_News/TV/2010/04/20/Daily-Show-Colbert-get-renewed/UPI-86201271802856/</ref>&nbsp; The show's structure is a mixture of newscast and late night talkshow. Stewart discusses current political events and features "mock" political commentators as well as real pundits. The show also features guests outside the political arena such as actors and musicians.<ref>"Official Homepage." The Daily Show. http://www.thedailyshow.com/</ref> The show has garned broad critical acclaim and has won the Emmy for Outstanding Variety, Music or Comedy Series every year since 2003, for a total of seven wins.<ref>Primetime Emmys Official Website. Web. 7 Oct 2010. http://www.emmys.com/award_history_search?person=&amp;start_year=1949end_year=2010&amp;network=All&amp;web_category=All&amp;winner=All</ref><br>  
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premiered in the summer of 1996 and was initially hosted by Craig Kilbourn. In 1999 Jon Stewart who had previously worked at MTV news took over as the show's anchor. The Show airs Monday through Thursday at 11pm. Episodes are reaired several times during the week during daytime. Even though the show is dubbed "fake news" it has been recognized as an influential political commentary.&nbsp;<ref>Baym, Geoffrey. "The Daily Show: Discursive Integration and the reinvention of Political Journalism."</ref> During the period of the 2008 presidential election the show averaged about 2 million viewers every night, a level the show has since then maintained. The show fares particularly well with male audiences from 18-34. <ref>Starr, Michael. New York Post. 25 Sep 2008. Web. http://www.nypost.com/p/entertainment/tv/jon_got_game_ARuthNhfEW09txbCOTBNkO</ref> <ref>Gorman, Bill. TV By The Numbers. 8 Sep 2010. Web. http://tvbythenumbers.com/2010/09/08/with-the-daily-show-the-colbert-report-tosh-0-comedy-central-records-hottest-summer-ratings-in-history/62579</ref> The show is currently renewed through June 2013.<ref>United Press International, Inc. April 2010. Web. http://www.upi.com/Entertainment_News/TV/2010/04/20/Daily-Show-Colbert-get-renewed/UPI-86201271802856/</ref>&nbsp; The show's structure is a mixture of newscast and late night talkshow. Stewart discusses current political events and features "mock" political commentators as well as real pundits. The show also features guests outside the political arena such as actors and musicians.&nbsp;<ref>"Official Homepage." The Daily Show. http://www.thedailyshow.com/</ref> The show has garned broad critical acclaim and has won the Emmy for Outstanding Variety, Music or Comedy Series every year since 2003, for a total of seven wins.&nbsp;<ref>Primetime Emmys Official Website. Web. 7 Oct 2010. http://www.emmys.com/award_history_search?person=&amp;start_year=1949end_year=2010&amp;network=All&amp;web_category=All&amp;winner=All</ref><br>  
  
 
'''The Colbert Report (2005-)'''  
 
'''The Colbert Report (2005-)'''  
  
premiered in the fall of 2005. It is a spin-off from The Daily Show, where Stephen Colbert had previously contributed as a news correspondant. Colbert's on-screen persona is widely seen as a parody right-wing commentator Bill O'Reilly. Subsequently, The Colbert Report is mocking his Show "The O'Reilly Factor" on Fox News.<ref>Coletta, Lisa. "Political Satire and Postmodern Irony in the Age of Stephen Colbert and Jon Stewart" in: The Journal of Popular Culture. Oct 2009. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1540-5931.2009.00711.x/full</ref> It airs Monday through Thursday at 11.30 pm following The Daily Show and usually retains most of its lead-in audience. Reruns are several times a day. Similar to Jon Stewart, Colbert fares particularly well with male audiences in the 18-34 demographic. Currently the show averages about 1.5 million viewers per night.<ref>Gorman, Bill. "Comedy Central Records Hottest Summer Ratings in History." TV By The Numbers. Sep 2010. Web. http://tvbythenumbers.com/2010/09/08/with-the-daily-show-the-colbert-report-tosh-0-comedy-central-records-hottest-summer-ratings-in-history/62579</ref>&nbsp; The Colbert Report has been renewed through December 2012.<ref>"Daily Show, Colbert Get Renewed." United Press International, Inc. 20 Apr 2010. Web. http://www.upi.com/Entertainment_News/TV/2010/04/20/Daily-Show-Colbert-get-renewed/UPI-86201271802856/</ref><br>  
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premiered in the fall of 2005. It is a spin-off from The Daily Show, where Stephen Colbert had previously contributed as a news correspondant. Colbert's on-screen persona is widely seen as a parody right-wing commentator Bill O'Reilly. Subsequently, The Colbert Report is mocking his Show "The O'Reilly Factor" on Fox News.&nbsp;<ref>Coletta, Lisa. "Political Satire and Postmodern Irony in the Age of Stephen Colbert and Jon Stewart" in: The Journal of Popular Culture. Oct 2009. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1540-5931.2009.00711.x/full</ref> It airs Monday through Thursday at 11.30 pm following The Daily Show and usually retains most of its lead-in audience. Reruns are several times a day. Similar to Jon Stewart, Colbert fares particularly well with male audiences in the 18-34 demographic. Currently the show averages about 1.5 million viewers per night.&nbsp;<ref>Gorman, Bill. "Comedy Central Records Hottest Summer Ratings in History." TV By The Numbers. Sep 2010. Web. http://tvbythenumbers.com/2010/09/08/with-the-daily-show-the-colbert-report-tosh-0-comedy-central-records-hottest-summer-ratings-in-history/62579</ref>&nbsp; The Colbert Report has been renewed through December 2012.&nbsp;<ref>"Daily Show, Colbert Get Renewed." United Press International, Inc. 20 Apr 2010. Web. http://www.upi.com/Entertainment_News/TV/2010/04/20/Daily-Show-Colbert-get-renewed/UPI-86201271802856/</ref><br>  
  
 
'''South Park (1997-)'''  
 
'''South Park (1997-)'''  
  
premiered in the summer of 1997 and is Comedy Central's longest-running and highest-rated scripted show. The show is currently airing its 14th Season and airs everyday of the week in various timeslots, only during prime time and nighttime though. So far more than 200 episodes have been produced. Created by Trey Parker and Matt Stone, the animated series is set in the fictional town of South Park. The show features various character but mostly revolves around a group of young boys. South Park pokes fun at controversial topics, mocks celebrities and is known for its profane humour. It was an instant success and drew record numbers during its first three seasons. As buzz died done, ratings have somewhat eroded but the show continues to attract an average audience of over 3 million viewers. The Show has won four Emmys for Outstanding Animated Series.<ref>Primetime Emmys Official Website. Web. http://www.emmys.com/award_history_search?person=&amp;program=south+park&amp;start_year=1949&amp;end_year=2010&amp;network=All&amp;web_category=All&amp;winner=All</ref> In 1999 a feature film was released: South Park: Longer, Bigger &amp; Uncut, which grossed more than 80 million Dollars. <ref>"South Park: Bigger Longer &amp; Uncut." IMDB.com. Web. http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0158983/</ref><br>  
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premiered in the summer of 1997 and is Comedy Central's longest-running and highest-rated scripted show. The show is currently airing its 14th Season and airs everyday of the week in various timeslots, only during prime time and nighttime though. So far more than 200 episodes have been produced. Created by Trey Parker and Matt Stone, the animated series is set in the fictional town of South Park. The show features various character but mostly revolves around a group of young boys. South Park pokes fun at controversial topics, mocks celebrities and is known for its profane humour. It was an instant success and drew record numbers during its first three seasons. As buzz died done, ratings have somewhat eroded but the show continues to attract an average audience of over 3 million viewers. The Show has won four Emmys for Outstanding Animated Series.&nbsp;<ref>Primetime Emmys Official Website. Web. http://www.emmys.com/award_history_search?person=&amp;program=south+park&amp;start_year=1949&amp;end_year=2010&amp;network=All&amp;web_category=All&amp;winner=All</ref> In 1999 a feature film was released: South Park: Longer, Bigger and Uncut, which grossed more than 80 million Dollars. <ref>"South Park: Bigger Longer and Uncut." IMDB.com. Web. http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0158983/</ref><br>  
  
 
'''Other notable Shows and Programing'''  
 
'''Other notable Shows and Programing'''  
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Comedy Central produced several shows of commercial and cultural significance throughout the 2000s. Chapelle's Show (2003-2006) was a critical and ratings success alike but ended when the show's star Dave Chapelle exited despite being renewed for a third season. <ref>Associated Press. Aug 2005. Web. http://today.msnbc.msn.com/id/8814168</ref> Comedienne Sarah Silverman brought The Sarah Silverman Program (2007-2010) to Comedy central which enjoyed considerable success and earned her an Emmy nomination in 2009. <ref>Sarah Silverman Program on Comedy Central Offical Site. Web. http://www.comedycentral.com/shows/sarah_silverman_program/about/index.jhtml</ref> Recently Daniel Tosh has emerged as one of the networks most successful new stars. His show Tosh.O (2009-) draws up to 3 million viewers per episode.&nbsp;<ref>Gorman, Bill. Sep 2010. Web. http://www.comedycentral.com/shows/sarah_silverman_program/about/index.jhtml</ref>  
 
Comedy Central produced several shows of commercial and cultural significance throughout the 2000s. Chapelle's Show (2003-2006) was a critical and ratings success alike but ended when the show's star Dave Chapelle exited despite being renewed for a third season. <ref>Associated Press. Aug 2005. Web. http://today.msnbc.msn.com/id/8814168</ref> Comedienne Sarah Silverman brought The Sarah Silverman Program (2007-2010) to Comedy central which enjoyed considerable success and earned her an Emmy nomination in 2009. <ref>Sarah Silverman Program on Comedy Central Offical Site. Web. http://www.comedycentral.com/shows/sarah_silverman_program/about/index.jhtml</ref> Recently Daniel Tosh has emerged as one of the networks most successful new stars. His show Tosh.O (2009-) draws up to 3 million viewers per episode.&nbsp;<ref>Gorman, Bill. Sep 2010. Web. http://www.comedycentral.com/shows/sarah_silverman_program/about/index.jhtml</ref>  
  
As most Cable networks do, Comedy Central rebroadcasts many of its programs throughout the week. The network also airs specials of stand-up comedians and feature films.
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As most Cable networks do, Comedy Central rebroadcasts many of its programs throughout the week. The network also airs specials of stand-up comedians and feature films.  
  
=== General Trends  ===
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==== General Trends  ====
  
 
Since its launch Comedy Central has established itself as a popular destination for young male audiences in the 18-34 demographic. Most of their shows rely less on concept but rather the personalities of their stars. These Stars such as Jon Stewart or Stephen Colbert have branched into other lucrative venues (books, high-profile appearences on other networks) and by that have helped to raise Comedy Centrals profile. Comedy Central has catered to the internet affinity of its young male audience by offering a lot of content such as clips and even full episodes on their website before this practice was as common as it now is.<ref>Official Website. Web. http://www.comedycentral.com/index.jhtml</ref>  
 
Since its launch Comedy Central has established itself as a popular destination for young male audiences in the 18-34 demographic. Most of their shows rely less on concept but rather the personalities of their stars. These Stars such as Jon Stewart or Stephen Colbert have branched into other lucrative venues (books, high-profile appearences on other networks) and by that have helped to raise Comedy Centrals profile. Comedy Central has catered to the internet affinity of its young male audience by offering a lot of content such as clips and even full episodes on their website before this practice was as common as it now is.<ref>Official Website. Web. http://www.comedycentral.com/index.jhtml</ref>  
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== Textual Analysis  ==
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=== The Daily Show (1996-Present)<br>  ===
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''The Daily Show ''is a late-night program that is produced by and aired on the Comedy Central cable network. ''The Daily Show'' airs Mondays through Thursdays at 11pm, using a half-hour format that combines the elements of late-night talk shows and traditional newscasts. The show is filmed live-to-tape in front of a live studio audience. The show begins with host/anchor Jon Stewart commenting on current political developments. He usually talks to faux commentators and pundits. Following the news portion, Stewart often welcomes guests, some of whom are actual journalists, analysts or politicians (most recently President Obama) but also entertainers and celebrities. The program makes frequent use of actual clips and news footage and satirically comments on or mocks them. The show has been a launching pad for faux pundit Stephen Colbert and many other famous comedians, such as Steve Carell and John Oliver. It has also elevated lead-anchor Jon Stewart's career beyond the show's success. Among other things, he hosted the Academy Awards in 2006 and has published two non-fiction books on politics- America (The Book) and Earth (The Book).
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''The Daily Show ''is commonly referred to as "fake news," but it has also been noted for its astute political commentary and informative look at world affairs. The show offers an insightful take on the hypocrisy of politicians on both sides of the political spectrum, as well as attacking the fallacies and misrepresentations promoted by the news media. ''The Daily Show '' is first and foremost a comedy show, not a newscast, but often the lines are blurred. Stewart and his correspondents use satire to expose the failure of journalists and politicians to inform and serve the public interest. The comedic approach often lessens the severity of the attacks launched on the show. Humor also allows Stewart to provide a counterbalance to the traditional news reporter. ''The Daily Show '' holds the traditional broadcast media accountable in four ways: pointing our falsehoods, noting inconsistencies, highlighting the trivial and absurd and noting where traditional journalistic routines result in bias. <ref>Chad Painter, August 4th, 2010 "The Fifth Estate: A textual analysis of how The Daily Show holds the watchdogs accountable"</ref>. It is with this unique approach to news casting that the Daily Show has achieved its superlative results.
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Males between the ages of 18 and 34 make up the largest chunk of viewers for ''The Daily Show ''. This correlates with what Comedy Centrals aims for as its target audience, allowing the network to promote other programs during the show. On the whole, however, the program attracts viewers from a wider spread demographic. The common thread between the viewers is an interest in politics and the desire for a program that doesn't follow the usual conventions of network news. ''The Daily Show '' viewership is often seen as highly intellectual and informed. In fact, A Pew Research Study from 2007 found that, relative to viewers of other newscasts, viewers of ''The Daily Show'' had the highest knowledge of national and international affairs. <ref>Steve Benen. 21 Apr 2010. Washington Monthly. Web. http://www.washingtonmonthly.com/archives/individual/2010_04/023446.php</ref>&nbsp;During the last week of October 2010,&nbsp;''The Daily Show'' for the first time finished as the highest-rated late-night program in the key demographic 18-49, averaging 1.3 million viewers. This made the ''Daily Show'' the first program that wasn’t ''The Tonight Show'' or ''The Late Show with David Letterman'' to do so since at least 2000. The feat can be attributed in large part to President Obama's recent appearance on the program and the media attention surrounding the appearance.&nbsp;<ref>Sean O'Neal. "The Daily Show tops Letterman and Leno for the first time." 4 Nov 2010. A.V. Club. 4 Nov 2010. Web. http://www.avclub.com/articles/the-daily-show-tops-letterman-and-leno-for-the-fir,47237/</ref>.<br>
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''The Daily Show'' fits in with what Comedy Central is trying to portray as a cable network, all comedy, all the time. &nbsp;Being a "fake news" program, the show&nbsp;constantly covers a variety of topics and with those topics, Stewart criticizes the doings of public figures in a over-the-top satiric format to get the jokes/punchlines out. &nbsp;Though it wasn't the show's intention, audiences do view&nbsp;''The Daily Show ''as a primary source of news; they would rather watch news portrayed in a humorous and satiric format than turning into regular news programs that presents the same news in a serious tone. &nbsp;The show&nbsp;speaks to Americans in a way that we just simply don't want dry cut news anymore; though ''The Daily Show'' functions as a somewhat relaxed "news" source, the show gets people to think critically about those portrayed.
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In 2005, Comedy Central launched ''The Colbert Report'', a spin-off show from ''The Daily Show''. The addition of ''The Colbert Report'' to the cable's lineup is an attempt by Comedy Central to update and redo its late-night schedule hoping to increase its viewership in the youth. &nbsp;As''The Daily Show'' is competing with other late-night shows on other networks, airing of'''&nbsp;'''''The Colbert Report&nbsp;''right after ''The Daily Show'' is an attempt to allow Comedy Central to keep the viewership during the 11-midnight block. During this time slot, most of the viewers who are still up are not looking for a serious program this late in the night; they are looking for something light and humorous to relax to and Comedy Central takes advantage of this time slot to provide viewers with ''The Daily Show''. &nbsp;And with this setup and of ''The Daily Show ''and ''The Colbert Report'', with it's similarity in formats, Comedy Central is able to keep the viewers through both shows as they are able to balance each other out. &nbsp;While ''The Daily Show ''"spoofs" the headlines of that day along with those anchors and reporters who deliver them, ''The Colbert Show'' will mock those who have become household names with interviews and analyses.What viewers don't get from one show, the other can make up for it.&nbsp;<ref>Steinberg, Jacques. "Daily Show Personality Gets His Own Platform." 4 May 2005. The New York Times. Web. 4 Nov 2010. http://www.nytimes.com/2005/05/04/arts/television/04come.html</ref> &nbsp;With Stephen Colbert as a previous member of ''The Daily Show'' crew, Comedy Central is able to carry the familiarity of his character to lead into a new show. &nbsp;And when ''The Colbert Repor''t was being developed, Comedy Central had considered having ''The Daily Show ''end with Stewart sharing a split-screen with Mr. Colbert, mocking the "throw" or "toss" technique used in the news industry. &nbsp;This would have the effect that ''The Daily Show'' will carry on another half hour, drawing and keeping the audience in with the show. ''&nbsp;The Daily Show has ''done this with ''The Colbert Report'' and this relationship between the two shows have allowed Comedy Central to expand with its collaboration of recent election coverage (Comedy Central's ''Indecision) ''and the "Rally to Restore Sanity (and/or Fear.)"<br>
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=== South Park (1997-Present)  ===
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''South Park'' is half-hour animated comedy produced in-house by Comedy Central. The show was created by Trey Parker and Matt Stone based on two animated shorts from 1992 and 1995. Comedy Central approached them with the idea of turning these shorts into a series for the network. The show revolves around a group of kids named Stan, Eric, Kyle and Kenny who live in the small town of South Park, Colorado. The show pokes fun at small town life and values and heavily trails on popular culture. Celebrities and cultural phenomenons are often the back end of jokes. This has often led to controversies which The show references this through ''The Terence and Philip Show'', a show within the show, which the main characters watch, providing self-reflective satire. ''South Park'' is computer animated, with very simplistic animations, often creating a paper cut look which adds to the primitive sense of humor the show tries to invoke and has given the programming a unique look.&nbsp;
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''South Park's'' target audience is aligned with the target audience for the rest of Comedy Central's programming. Once again, 18-34 year old males make up the bulk of the viewership. The show has achieved incredible success since its inception through its unique blend of dark humor and a "take no prisoners" brand of satire. Each episode of ''South Park'' opens with the disclaimer that, "All characters and events in this show—even those based on real people—are entirely fictional. All celebrity voices are impersonated.....poorly. The following program contains coarse language and due to its content it should not be viewed by anyone"<ref>"Show Disclaimer." South Park Studios. Web. Nov 4 2010. http://www.southparkstudios.com/about/show_disclaimer.php</ref> Establishing such a warning at the start of each program allows the writers to constantly push the boundaries of what is acceptable to make fun of on television. This has frequently gotten the show in trouble, sparking famous controversies such as the "Mohammed" controversy which sparked international backlash for the shows depiction of the Islamic prophet dressed in a bear suit.&nbsp;'''<ref>"Malaysian Islamists want apology from 'South Park'". Big Cartoon Forum. Nov 4 2010. Web. http://forum.bcdb.com/forum/Malaysian_Islamists_want_apology_from_South_Park_P108414/</ref>''' However, the show maintains that it is an equal abuser of all religions and ideologies, and does not align itself with a paticular point of view. Over the years the Creators have come under fire for leaning too liberal or too conservative. Trey Parker, one of the shows creators, maintains that the criticisms are erroneous: "I look at it like this. I have a cat, I love my cat and it's like someone coming in and saying, 'Hey, is that cat a Republican or a Democrat?' He's my fucking cat, leave him alone." This quote mirrors the fact that the writers do not intend the show to be taken to seriously, though it often is. <ref>Leo, Alex. "Matt Stone and Trey Parker Are Not Your Political Allies." Huffington Post. Nov 4 2010. Web. http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2010/02/25/matt-stone-trey-parker-ar_n_475744.html</ref>
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''South Park ''provides a different approach to animated comedy, different from that of The Simpsons, that enjoys pushing boundaries by addressing taboo issues.''&nbsp;South Park ''adds to Comedy Central's lineup of satirical shows such as ''The Daily Show'' and ''The Colbert Repor''t. &nbsp;You might say viewers are watching South Park for that same format of satire on current events. &nbsp;''South Park'' has alluded to many of the contemporary tragedies that have occurred in the United States. In "Osama Bin Laden Has Farty Pants," al Qaeda captures the boys in post-9/11 Afghanistan or in the episode "Two Days Before the Day After Tomorrow," Cartman and Stan accidentally destroy ''South Park's'' biggest beaver dam, causing a Katrina-like flood."&nbsp;<ref>Leonard, David. "'South Park' creators haven't lost their edge." 27 Oct 2007. Cable News Network. Nov 4 2010. Web. http://money.cnn.com/magazines/fortune/fortune_archive/2006/10/30/8391792/index.htm</ref>&nbsp;The use of pop culture references in ''South Park'' is also able to draw in different viewers for each episode. &nbsp;With each episode taking on a different topic, fans of said topic are most likely to tune in to the show to enjoy some&nbsp;humorous criticism.
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''South Park'' airs on&nbsp;Wednesday nights at 10pm. &nbsp;Comedy Central has used the drawing power of ''South Park'' as a lead in for a new animated series, ''Ugly Americans'', that premiered back in March of 2010. &nbsp;Before&nbsp;''South Park'' made its premiere on Comedy Central in 1997, the cable channel was faltering in its goals to create original and humorous programming. It had resorted to airing reruns of shows such as''The Benny Hill Show'' and ''Absolutely Fabulous''. Since its debut, South Park&nbsp;has been the catalyst for much of Comedy Central's success''. &nbsp;''South Park&nbsp;had given shows like''The Daily Show&nbsp;''great jumpsin the ratings.&nbsp;Comedy Central's then president ''(1997), ''Doug Herzog, had said, "We had already been ticking up. This show is kind of like adding jet fuel."&nbsp;<ref>Carter, Bill. "Comedy Central makes the most of an irreverent, and profitable, new cartoon hit." 10 Nov 1997. The New York Times. 4 Nov 2010. Web. http://www.nytimes.com/1997/11/10/business/media-broadcasting-comedy-central-makes-most-irreverent-profitable-new-cartoon.html</ref>&nbsp;''South Park's&nbsp;''airing on Wednesday nights could draw in viewers who have just finished tuning into ABC's comedy night with its hit shows,&nbsp;''Modern Family''&nbsp;and&nbsp;''Cougar Town.'''''<br>'''
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== Audience &amp; Online Analysis<br>  ==
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=== '''Programming Availability'''  ===
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Comedy Central allows viewers to directly watch episodes through the website. &nbsp;When the Comedy Central website is accessed, viewers wanting to watch full episodes can hover over the 'Full Episodes' tab. This activates a drop-down list of the network's shows and clicking on a link will direct you to the show's viewing page.&nbsp;&nbsp;By presenting the current shows in this list format, it offers the viewer more choices; the viewer may have simply been looking for ''South Park'', but they now might also want to catch an episode or two of the other shows. &nbsp;When an episode being viewed, the page also has video links to other shows, also keeping with the idea of drawing the viewer into another show. &nbsp;New episodes generally stay online for four weeks, but there are shows like ''South Park'' who offer almost every episode in its series. &nbsp;While there are not full episodes available of every show that is currently on air, Comedy Central does offer numerous video clips and other ways to interact through the webpage of each show.&nbsp;
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In 2007, 8 years of archives from ''The Daily Show'' became fully accessible by viewers on its website. The addition of the video archive was part of a larger MTV strategy to create branded websites for popular shows. <ref>Stelter, Brian. "‘Daily Show’ Archives Appear Online." New York Times. 18 Oct 2007. Web. http://mediadecoder.blogs.nytimes.com/2007/10/18/daily-show-archives-online/</ref>&nbsp;Such shows as The Daily Show that has become such a part of this American generation, that only have a section of it on ComedyCentral.com wouldn't do it justice. &nbsp;So the popular shows, ''The&nbsp;Daily Show, The Colbert Report, and South Park'' have their own respective sites for full episodes as well as additional features.
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In early 2010, after months negotiations, Viacom made the decision to pull Comedy Central's shows off the popular online video service, Hulu. &nbsp;It's been speculated that Hulu was not offerring enough money given the fact that Comedy Central's shows are among the most watched shows.&nbsp;<ref>James, Meg. "Comedy Central pulls 'Daily Show' and 'Colbert Report' from Hulu." Los Angeles Times. 3 Mar 2010. Web. http://articles.latimes.com/2010/mar/03/entertainment/la-et-hulu3-2010mar03</ref>&nbsp;&nbsp;Comedy Central may also want to keep the shows exclusively on its sites to keep the control and sales of advertising to its own company. Though this may be the case with Hulu,&nbsp;if a viewer still searches for the shows on the website, they will be directed to the episodes on the Comedy Central sites. &nbsp;Comedy Central has faced a similar situation like this before. &nbsp;Back in 2006, material from Comedy Central programming were pulled off the video sharing service, YouTube. &nbsp;Knowing that the network produces hit shows, Viacom can take the chance and stream the programming through its own site. &nbsp;This move will have to direct viewers to the website as the shows are not offered on Hulu or YouTube. &nbsp;Limiting it only to their website takes away the hassle of jumping around from site to site only to watch shows from one network. &nbsp;The viewer will then know where exactly to find the shows and will keep returning to the Comedy Central website for all of his/her Comedy Central needs, increasing the traffic to its own sites.<br>
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=== '''Online Advertising'''  ===
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Comedy Central's advertisements are mainly directed at it's target audience, the male 18-34. &nbsp;When the website's homepage is accessed, there is a preview clip of an upcoming episode in the middle of the page. &nbsp;The clip does not always automatically play, but when it does, there is usually an advertisement that plays before the preview. &nbsp;And like most websites that stream video, ads play before and during the clip or episode. &nbsp;The advertisement on Comedy Central's homepage changes every few days. &nbsp;There is usually one company that is the main advertisement of the page; this means that the advertisement gets the banner slot, a large rectangular spot on the right side of the page, and is often also the background of the homepage. &nbsp;With this system, it would be difficult to ignore what is being advertised. Research done on Comedy Central's viewer lifestyle has shown that they are more likely to play video games, consume energy drinks/fast food, and also purchase big ticket items. &nbsp;Knowing this, car companies, video game companies, and fast food chains such as McDonald's often place advertisements on the site. &nbsp;Not all advertisers have standalone ads; they are often shown in Comedy Central special ads in which they are "presented by." &nbsp;When the ''The Daily Show's'' website was launched, Tivo, Hyundai, and AT&amp;T were launch sponsors for the new site. &nbsp;The site integrated banner advertisements, video commercials before and after a show excerpt, and had advertising messages going across the bottom of the screen during the segments.&nbsp;<ref>Stelter, Brian. "‘Daily Show’ Archives Appear Online." New York Times. 18 Oct 2007. Web. http://mediadecoder.blogs.nytimes.com/2007/10/18/daily-show-archives-online/</ref>'''<br>'''
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=== Para-text  ===
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Comedy Central invite viewers the opportunity to interact with it's online website. When the website is accessed, viewers get the option to log in/sign up or connect through the popular social network service, Facebook. Once the viewer is logged in or connected through Facebook, the viewer is now a part of the Comedy Central community; this allows viewers to rate and comment on videos as well as interacting with each fans. Being a part of the community also lets the viewer have a user profile on the website as well as link it to a Twitter account. &nbsp;This Facebook/Twitter connection allows viewers to "like" or share Comedy Central content to their friends, which in turn generates more traffic on the site.
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When Southparkstudios.com was launched in 2008, the new site created an all new "''South Park'' digital experience" for fans. Alongside the great amount of episodes and behind-the-scene videos offered, the site also offers a ''South Park'' Avatar Generator in which users can create a character from within the series. With endless possibilities, users can create a perfect personal avatar, allowing them to immerse into the ''South Park'' world.&nbsp;
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Comedy Central also has a 'Blogs' tab in which viewers can get more information and news on what's going on beyond the shows. &nbsp;If the viewer is not up for watching or reading, they can click on the 'Games' tab where the site offers both games related to the shows and those that are sponsored. &nbsp;And viewers of Comedy Central who want to take their fandom beyond viewership can do so through the network's online store.&nbsp;
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=== Fan Interaction  ===
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'''Fan Forums'''<br>Though Comedy Central does not have a forum on the channels official website, there are many "show specific" website affiliates that house their own forums. These websites have links on the official Comedy Central site. Examples of these websites are http://www.thedailyshow.com and http://www.southparkstudios.com. They provide a platform on which fans can interact and give feedback. This approach has led to a positive image of the network with the show's fans. Overall, the network has a positive standing with most fans of the show. However, certain fan bases such as ''South Park'', show more loyalty towards the program than the channel. On the South Park Studio's forum, in reaction to news that ''South Park'' would be renewed for a fifteenth season, a member by the name of gtaca2005 commented, "''South Park'' put Comedy Central on the national cable map. Believe it or not, Comedy Central wasn't that big until ''South Park''. It was big, but not that big." Fans on an external ''South Park'' forum, http://awesom-o.com/, reacted with vitriol towards the channel after an episode was pulled for censorship reasons in the UK. Member spikewestphal remarked, "im outraged due to Comedy Central UK decided to pull ''South Park'' ep 201 overall. ep 201 it makes me sick to think that muslims get special treatment when Matt Stone and Trey Parker rip on all religns so i started a petition and facebook page witch i will post here". He also provided links to a Facebook petition in his post.<br> The official forum for ''The Daily Show ''has a specially marked section for Fan Suggestions. The suggestions on this site are positive and constructively based criticism for the most part. However, there is some backlash to some of the programs decisions. A recent decision that caused an almost uniformly negative reaction on the forum was the appointment of News Correspondent Olivia Munn. Many members of the forum viewed Munn's appointment to be based purely on her attractiveness, rather than political acumen or comedic abilities. Member SelenesRaven complained that, "I'm sure it's great that she looks so great posing in bikini photos and all, but she is NOT remotely funny. And since when has the ''Daily Show'' resigned itself to the base notion that it should use attractive women in order to get ratings, as opposed to using talented comedians?!"
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'''Muhammad Episode, Censoring and Fan Reaction'''<br>
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In April of 2006, Comedy Central aired the episodes "The Cartoon Wars I and II" of ''South Park'', in which the show pokes fun at the controversy surrounding the Muhammad caricature and censorship. ''South Park'' creators Matt Stone and Trey Parker received death threats before and after broadcasting of the episode and in the light of these threats, Comedy Central censured the episodes, putting a black box on what would have been a representation of the prophet Muhammad.&nbsp;<ref>Tapper, Jake &amp; Morris, Dan. ABC News Sep 2006. http://abcnews.go.com/Nightline/Entertainment/Story?id=2479197&amp;page=1</ref> Muhammad had been shown in previous episodes but was censored in all episodes following "The Cartoon Wars I and II". The censorship goes as far as bleeping his name when referenced. This censorship has been met with mostly criticism and but also some approval from the show's fans. While many fans have pointed to the First Amendment and its principle of freedom of speech, other fans in forums have voiced appreciation and consent with the network's decision. In 2006, Trey and Parker have publicly stated that they accept and do not blame Comedy Central for their censoring.&nbsp;<ref>Bershad, Dan. Apr 2010. http://abcnews.go.com/Nightline/Entertainment/Story?id=2479197&amp;page=1</ref> Four years later though, when in Episode "201" the prophet's name was bleeped and the network effectively pulled the episode from the South Park Studios Website, withholding approval to share it online, they did express dismay over the networks handling of the situation. A group, including many ''South Park'' fans, then organized the "Everybody Draw Muhammad Day" on May 20th 2010, again insisting on their constitutional right to freedom of speech. Due to negative reactions this "event" was dropped though.&nbsp;<ref>Malcom, Andrew. Los Angeles Times. Apr 2010. http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/washington/2010/04/creators-of-everybody-draw-muhammad-day-abandon-effort-after-it-becomes-controversial.html</ref>'''<br>'''
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Due to Comedy Central's distinctive programming, fans of these message boards seem to identify themselves with the shows rather than the channel as a whole. Most of the fans are critical of the network when a decision is made that they do not agree with, but praise the show itself for commendable actions. This does not seem to differentiate between the official and unofficial fan forums.
  
 
== References  ==
 
== References  ==
  
 
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Latest revision as of 12:08, 3 December 2010

Comedy Central

Industrial Analysis

History and Ownership

Comedy Central was launched in 1990 after Time Warner merged Comedy Channel, which had been part of HBO, with Viacom's, MTV Network's Ha!. The new channel was owned 50/50 by Time Warner and Viacom. In April of 2003 Viacom bought out Time Warner's (now AOL Time Warner) 50% stake in the channel for $1.225 billion.[1] Today, Comedy Central is owned and is a registered trademark of, Comedy Partners, a wholly-owned division of Viacom Inc.'s MTV Networks. Comedy Central is an essential part of MTV Network's growing cable portfolio that also includes MTV, Nickelodeon, VH-1 and TV Land. [2] The current President of the Channel is Michele Ganeless who has been in this role since 2007. Former President Doug Herzog, who now is the president of all of MTV Networks, said about Gainless, "She’s one of the key architects of Comedy Central and she’s one of the true leaders to take it into its next phase.” [3]

Comedy Central first showed up on American Televisions on April 1, 1991. Throughout the 90's the popularity of the channel grew and successful programming such as Mystery Science Theater 3000 and Short Attention Span Theater, became staples for the channel. 1993 saw the premier of "Out There," the first ever all-gay comedy television special. Another innovative original programming the network debuted was Win Ben Stein's Money a popular game show before the days of Who Wants To Be A Millionaire. The 90's also saw the channel have success with acquired programming such as Saturday Night Live and Whose Line Is It Anyway?. Though they received a smaller budget from Viacom and Time Warner than other channels, such as MTV and HBO, they consequently were given more freedom for programming. This allowed for the development of crude shows such as South Park, which in 1998, received an 8.6 rating, the highest rated series episode in basic cable history at the time. [4] Comedy Central has gone more mainstream in the 21st century with its use of political satire on hit talk shows: The Daily Show and The Colbert Report, and the cutting edge clip show Tosh.O. Comedy Central has continued to keep up with market innovation debuting Comedy Central HD in January of 2009. [5] The channel has also extended itself to ten localized international markets, including Germany, Italy, the UK, and starting in 2011, Israel. [6]

Marketing

Target Audiences

Comedy Central's targets audiences ranges from the ages of 18-49, highly concentrating on adults and men.[7]  Comedy Central was ranked among the top cable networks in key demos where the viewers are "paying full attention” to its programs. [8]  Comedy Central aired the two highest-rated original series on basic cable in the age group 18-34 among the men with South Park and The Sarah Silverman Project. (2008) [9] Viewers between the ages of 18 and 34 are the most coveted demographic, but in 2009, the median age of the audience for the Daily Show and The Colbert Report was up 5 years. [10]  This became a slight problem in the advertising department as advertisers usually buy a premium for younger viewers across the Viacom platform.  Advertisers of Viacom channels want to reach the viewers at a young age to create brand loyalty.  Because of this, Comedy Central had to work on developing new shows that attracted younger viewers.  Shows like South Park were able to gain an wider audience than it's intended target audience of 18-39 males; the age now ranges from 16-50, which males aged 18-24 still claiming top spot. [11]  Though South Park carries a parental guidance rating of TV-MA for mature audiences 17 and up, there are censored episodes which are rated TV-14 to reach the younger teens.  

Advertising & Promotion

With constant promos and reminders of upcoming shows, Comedy Central is aiming at  reaching viewers through popular social networks such as Facebook, Twitter, etc.  Comedy Central has expanded to the mobile web, offering accessibility to the Website, providing stand-ups and jokes along with South Park exclusives to mobile phones.  Besides reaching out through the mobile web, Comedy Central has also taken mobile applications under their belt. Comedy Central was using a SMS/text-based delivery jokes service before they developed an iPhone app that allows users to subscribe to their Joke of the Day service through the downloadable application. 

Comedy Central has pushed out a Daily Show widget that can be posted to Facebook, MySpace, blogs and anywhere else on the Web. This widget carries a minute-long recap of the previous night's show, with the idea in mind that it'll spread the clips throughout the Internet and not force users to have to go to TheDailyShow.com. With the use of promotional time during The Daily Show to advertise, Comedy Central tries to gain more audiences through these 60-second clips. [12]

Comedy Central uses a variety of platforms including TV, print online, and mobile to promote their programming. Back in 2005, Comedy Central was promoting a new show Stella, through the uses of "influencer" mailings from Cornerstone Marketing (New York), street teams, at clubs and bars, and among other places. Comedy Central also gave Verizon Wireless members preview clips of the show and ran text-based tune-in alerts for Sprint PCS users. Glenn Ginsburg, formal VP of interactive ad sales, said, "Working cross-platform maximizes the reach for an audience, especially with Stella. Hopefully, this will generate a lot of interest." [13]

Branding

Comedy Central, known as the only all-comedy network, seeks to establish itself as "the #1 provider of surprising [...] laugh-out-loud programming"[14]. Comedy Central "connects with a young adult audience thirsting for fearless, outrageous originals with The Daily Show with Jon Stewart, South Park, The Colbert Report....along with stand-up specials and can't-miss events like the annual Comedy Central Roast." [15] This connection with the young audience is valued by Viacom; creating a strong bond with the audience is what Viacom strives for in its channels. Comedy Central's original programs reinvent the classic genres such as news, animation, and comedy variety to fit the wants of a younger audience and to create a relationship between the viewer and the channel. Along with Comedy Central's airing of their blockbuster Roasts and annual Last Laugh, the network also offers original specials and stunt programming.

Comedy Central uses paid search to build brand association around its prize program assets. It buys Google ads for searches for shows such as South Park. Comedy Central is paying for ‘association.’ Besides trying to gain viewers of the show, they are trying to establish loyalty around the web-based services that relate to the shows. Claudia Setini-Samuels, head of branding and online "It’s unusual for a channel to do this but it makes sense. We’re tracking what’s being searched for based around comedy and that will have a direct influence on our content – the site must be based on what people are looking for right now." 

Partnerships

In 2007, Comedy Central began a partnership with American Greetings launching a new line of greeting cards starring the characters of South Park.  This deal also allowed for future Comedy Central show based cards.  American Greetings' licensing chief, Michael Brown said, "Comedy Central is a destination for laughs for millions of people every day, and we're proud to be bringing the humor from some of the network's most recognizable shows to life in a new way."  An American Greetings research project had spent 6 months looking at the differences between what men and women consider to be funny. The Comedy Central cards are mostly being created with men in mind.  [16] This allows Comedy Central to reach viewers outside of their television viewing; Comedy Central programming is able to incorporate itself into daily life.

Comedy Central has partnered with live entertainment firms such as Live Nation. The partnership includes the launch of "Comedy Central's House of Comedy Live from House of Blues," in House of Blues venues nationwide. Live Nation has said the cooperations have drawn more than 1 million fans to Comedy Central-branded tours. And Senior VP of Comedy Central Live Entertainment, Mitch Fried, said "With Live Nation and its House of Blues venues, we have found the perfect companions to expand our thriving touring business and grow the Comedy Central brand outwards and off channel." As a part of the deal, Comedy Central will be integrated throughout the venues and retail shops of the House of Blues, including that of on and off stage, and also in show marketing. Comedy Central, likewise, will give advertisers the opportunity to become official sponsors of the comedic series.  [17]

Comedy Central has partnered with the USO (United Service Organizations) to create "PVT Jokes."  Comedy kits, including Comedy Central DVD titles, will be reached out to more than 200 forward operating bases and U.S. military hospitals both at home and overseas.  This is the second partnership between Comedy Central and USO which had formally brought The Colbert Report to Iraq on a USO tour (2009: "Operation Iraqi Stephen: Going Commando). [18]  This partnership with the USO gives Comedy Central the ability to literally create a bond overseas; Comedy Central programming will be able to comfort those on base and allows for a deeper relationship with the network.

Comedy Central is now in partnership with Don Mischer Productions to revive the once annual American Comedy Awards, last taken place in 2001.  It will honor and reward the year's best in film, television, digital shorts and performance.  The American Comedy Awards are scheduled to premiere in 2010 and will premiere simultaneously across all of MTV Networks Entertainment Group channels including the Comedy Central network, Spike TV and TV Land. 

Signature Programing and General Trends

Current Programming

The Daily Show (1996-)

premiered in the summer of 1996 and was initially hosted by Craig Kilbourn. In 1999 Jon Stewart who had previously worked at MTV news took over as the show's anchor. The Show airs Monday through Thursday at 11pm. Episodes are reaired several times during the week during daytime. Even though the show is dubbed "fake news" it has been recognized as an influential political commentary. [19] During the period of the 2008 presidential election the show averaged about 2 million viewers every night, a level the show has since then maintained. The show fares particularly well with male audiences from 18-34. [20] [21] The show is currently renewed through June 2013.[22]  The show's structure is a mixture of newscast and late night talkshow. Stewart discusses current political events and features "mock" political commentators as well as real pundits. The show also features guests outside the political arena such as actors and musicians. [23] The show has garned broad critical acclaim and has won the Emmy for Outstanding Variety, Music or Comedy Series every year since 2003, for a total of seven wins. [24]

The Colbert Report (2005-)

premiered in the fall of 2005. It is a spin-off from The Daily Show, where Stephen Colbert had previously contributed as a news correspondant. Colbert's on-screen persona is widely seen as a parody right-wing commentator Bill O'Reilly. Subsequently, The Colbert Report is mocking his Show "The O'Reilly Factor" on Fox News. [25] It airs Monday through Thursday at 11.30 pm following The Daily Show and usually retains most of its lead-in audience. Reruns are several times a day. Similar to Jon Stewart, Colbert fares particularly well with male audiences in the 18-34 demographic. Currently the show averages about 1.5 million viewers per night. [26]  The Colbert Report has been renewed through December 2012. [27]

South Park (1997-)

premiered in the summer of 1997 and is Comedy Central's longest-running and highest-rated scripted show. The show is currently airing its 14th Season and airs everyday of the week in various timeslots, only during prime time and nighttime though. So far more than 200 episodes have been produced. Created by Trey Parker and Matt Stone, the animated series is set in the fictional town of South Park. The show features various character but mostly revolves around a group of young boys. South Park pokes fun at controversial topics, mocks celebrities and is known for its profane humour. It was an instant success and drew record numbers during its first three seasons. As buzz died done, ratings have somewhat eroded but the show continues to attract an average audience of over 3 million viewers. The Show has won four Emmys for Outstanding Animated Series. [28] In 1999 a feature film was released: South Park: Longer, Bigger and Uncut, which grossed more than 80 million Dollars. [29]

Other notable Shows and Programing

Comedy Central produced several shows of commercial and cultural significance throughout the 2000s. Chapelle's Show (2003-2006) was a critical and ratings success alike but ended when the show's star Dave Chapelle exited despite being renewed for a third season. [30] Comedienne Sarah Silverman brought The Sarah Silverman Program (2007-2010) to Comedy central which enjoyed considerable success and earned her an Emmy nomination in 2009. [31] Recently Daniel Tosh has emerged as one of the networks most successful new stars. His show Tosh.O (2009-) draws up to 3 million viewers per episode. [32]

As most Cable networks do, Comedy Central rebroadcasts many of its programs throughout the week. The network also airs specials of stand-up comedians and feature films.

General Trends

Since its launch Comedy Central has established itself as a popular destination for young male audiences in the 18-34 demographic. Most of their shows rely less on concept but rather the personalities of their stars. These Stars such as Jon Stewart or Stephen Colbert have branched into other lucrative venues (books, high-profile appearences on other networks) and by that have helped to raise Comedy Centrals profile. Comedy Central has catered to the internet affinity of its young male audience by offering a lot of content such as clips and even full episodes on their website before this practice was as common as it now is.[33]

Textual Analysis

The Daily Show (1996-Present)

The Daily Show is a late-night program that is produced by and aired on the Comedy Central cable network. The Daily Show airs Mondays through Thursdays at 11pm, using a half-hour format that combines the elements of late-night talk shows and traditional newscasts. The show is filmed live-to-tape in front of a live studio audience. The show begins with host/anchor Jon Stewart commenting on current political developments. He usually talks to faux commentators and pundits. Following the news portion, Stewart often welcomes guests, some of whom are actual journalists, analysts or politicians (most recently President Obama) but also entertainers and celebrities. The program makes frequent use of actual clips and news footage and satirically comments on or mocks them. The show has been a launching pad for faux pundit Stephen Colbert and many other famous comedians, such as Steve Carell and John Oliver. It has also elevated lead-anchor Jon Stewart's career beyond the show's success. Among other things, he hosted the Academy Awards in 2006 and has published two non-fiction books on politics- America (The Book) and Earth (The Book).

The Daily Show is commonly referred to as "fake news," but it has also been noted for its astute political commentary and informative look at world affairs. The show offers an insightful take on the hypocrisy of politicians on both sides of the political spectrum, as well as attacking the fallacies and misrepresentations promoted by the news media. The Daily Show is first and foremost a comedy show, not a newscast, but often the lines are blurred. Stewart and his correspondents use satire to expose the failure of journalists and politicians to inform and serve the public interest. The comedic approach often lessens the severity of the attacks launched on the show. Humor also allows Stewart to provide a counterbalance to the traditional news reporter. The Daily Show holds the traditional broadcast media accountable in four ways: pointing our falsehoods, noting inconsistencies, highlighting the trivial and absurd and noting where traditional journalistic routines result in bias. [34]. It is with this unique approach to news casting that the Daily Show has achieved its superlative results.

Males between the ages of 18 and 34 make up the largest chunk of viewers for The Daily Show . This correlates with what Comedy Centrals aims for as its target audience, allowing the network to promote other programs during the show. On the whole, however, the program attracts viewers from a wider spread demographic. The common thread between the viewers is an interest in politics and the desire for a program that doesn't follow the usual conventions of network news. The Daily Show viewership is often seen as highly intellectual and informed. In fact, A Pew Research Study from 2007 found that, relative to viewers of other newscasts, viewers of The Daily Show had the highest knowledge of national and international affairs. [35] During the last week of October 2010, The Daily Show for the first time finished as the highest-rated late-night program in the key demographic 18-49, averaging 1.3 million viewers. This made the Daily Show the first program that wasn’t The Tonight Show or The Late Show with David Letterman to do so since at least 2000. The feat can be attributed in large part to President Obama's recent appearance on the program and the media attention surrounding the appearance. [36].

The Daily Show fits in with what Comedy Central is trying to portray as a cable network, all comedy, all the time.  Being a "fake news" program, the show constantly covers a variety of topics and with those topics, Stewart criticizes the doings of public figures in a over-the-top satiric format to get the jokes/punchlines out.  Though it wasn't the show's intention, audiences do view The Daily Show as a primary source of news; they would rather watch news portrayed in a humorous and satiric format than turning into regular news programs that presents the same news in a serious tone.  The show speaks to Americans in a way that we just simply don't want dry cut news anymore; though The Daily Show functions as a somewhat relaxed "news" source, the show gets people to think critically about those portrayed.

In 2005, Comedy Central launched The Colbert Report, a spin-off show from The Daily Show. The addition of The Colbert Report to the cable's lineup is an attempt by Comedy Central to update and redo its late-night schedule hoping to increase its viewership in the youth.  AsThe Daily Show is competing with other late-night shows on other networks, airing of The Colbert Report right after The Daily Show is an attempt to allow Comedy Central to keep the viewership during the 11-midnight block. During this time slot, most of the viewers who are still up are not looking for a serious program this late in the night; they are looking for something light and humorous to relax to and Comedy Central takes advantage of this time slot to provide viewers with The Daily Show.  And with this setup and of The Daily Show and The Colbert Report, with it's similarity in formats, Comedy Central is able to keep the viewers through both shows as they are able to balance each other out.  While The Daily Show "spoofs" the headlines of that day along with those anchors and reporters who deliver them, The Colbert Show will mock those who have become household names with interviews and analyses.What viewers don't get from one show, the other can make up for it. [37]  With Stephen Colbert as a previous member of The Daily Show crew, Comedy Central is able to carry the familiarity of his character to lead into a new show.  And when The Colbert Report was being developed, Comedy Central had considered having The Daily Show end with Stewart sharing a split-screen with Mr. Colbert, mocking the "throw" or "toss" technique used in the news industry.  This would have the effect that The Daily Show will carry on another half hour, drawing and keeping the audience in with the show.  The Daily Show has done this with The Colbert Report and this relationship between the two shows have allowed Comedy Central to expand with its collaboration of recent election coverage (Comedy Central's Indecision) and the "Rally to Restore Sanity (and/or Fear.)"

South Park (1997-Present)

South Park is half-hour animated comedy produced in-house by Comedy Central. The show was created by Trey Parker and Matt Stone based on two animated shorts from 1992 and 1995. Comedy Central approached them with the idea of turning these shorts into a series for the network. The show revolves around a group of kids named Stan, Eric, Kyle and Kenny who live in the small town of South Park, Colorado. The show pokes fun at small town life and values and heavily trails on popular culture. Celebrities and cultural phenomenons are often the back end of jokes. This has often led to controversies which The show references this through The Terence and Philip Show, a show within the show, which the main characters watch, providing self-reflective satire. South Park is computer animated, with very simplistic animations, often creating a paper cut look which adds to the primitive sense of humor the show tries to invoke and has given the programming a unique look. 

South Park's target audience is aligned with the target audience for the rest of Comedy Central's programming. Once again, 18-34 year old males make up the bulk of the viewership. The show has achieved incredible success since its inception through its unique blend of dark humor and a "take no prisoners" brand of satire. Each episode of South Park opens with the disclaimer that, "All characters and events in this show—even those based on real people—are entirely fictional. All celebrity voices are impersonated.....poorly. The following program contains coarse language and due to its content it should not be viewed by anyone"[38] Establishing such a warning at the start of each program allows the writers to constantly push the boundaries of what is acceptable to make fun of on television. This has frequently gotten the show in trouble, sparking famous controversies such as the "Mohammed" controversy which sparked international backlash for the shows depiction of the Islamic prophet dressed in a bear suit. [39] However, the show maintains that it is an equal abuser of all religions and ideologies, and does not align itself with a paticular point of view. Over the years the Creators have come under fire for leaning too liberal or too conservative. Trey Parker, one of the shows creators, maintains that the criticisms are erroneous: "I look at it like this. I have a cat, I love my cat and it's like someone coming in and saying, 'Hey, is that cat a Republican or a Democrat?' He's my fucking cat, leave him alone." This quote mirrors the fact that the writers do not intend the show to be taken to seriously, though it often is. [40]

South Park provides a different approach to animated comedy, different from that of The Simpsons, that enjoys pushing boundaries by addressing taboo issues. South Park adds to Comedy Central's lineup of satirical shows such as The Daily Show and The Colbert Report.  You might say viewers are watching South Park for that same format of satire on current events.  South Park has alluded to many of the contemporary tragedies that have occurred in the United States. In "Osama Bin Laden Has Farty Pants," al Qaeda captures the boys in post-9/11 Afghanistan or in the episode "Two Days Before the Day After Tomorrow," Cartman and Stan accidentally destroy South Park's biggest beaver dam, causing a Katrina-like flood." [41] The use of pop culture references in South Park is also able to draw in different viewers for each episode.  With each episode taking on a different topic, fans of said topic are most likely to tune in to the show to enjoy some humorous criticism.

South Park airs on Wednesday nights at 10pm.  Comedy Central has used the drawing power of South Park as a lead in for a new animated series, Ugly Americans, that premiered back in March of 2010.  Before South Park made its premiere on Comedy Central in 1997, the cable channel was faltering in its goals to create original and humorous programming. It had resorted to airing reruns of shows such asThe Benny Hill Show and Absolutely Fabulous. Since its debut, South Park has been the catalyst for much of Comedy Central's success.  South Park had given shows likeThe Daily Show great jumpsin the ratings. Comedy Central's then president (1997), Doug Herzog, had said, "We had already been ticking up. This show is kind of like adding jet fuel." [42] South Park's airing on Wednesday nights could draw in viewers who have just finished tuning into ABC's comedy night with its hit shows, Modern Family and Cougar Town.

Audience & Online Analysis

Programming Availability

Comedy Central allows viewers to directly watch episodes through the website.  When the Comedy Central website is accessed, viewers wanting to watch full episodes can hover over the 'Full Episodes' tab. This activates a drop-down list of the network's shows and clicking on a link will direct you to the show's viewing page.  By presenting the current shows in this list format, it offers the viewer more choices; the viewer may have simply been looking for South Park, but they now might also want to catch an episode or two of the other shows.  When an episode being viewed, the page also has video links to other shows, also keeping with the idea of drawing the viewer into another show.  New episodes generally stay online for four weeks, but there are shows like South Park who offer almost every episode in its series.  While there are not full episodes available of every show that is currently on air, Comedy Central does offer numerous video clips and other ways to interact through the webpage of each show. 

In 2007, 8 years of archives from The Daily Show became fully accessible by viewers on its website. The addition of the video archive was part of a larger MTV strategy to create branded websites for popular shows. [43] Such shows as The Daily Show that has become such a part of this American generation, that only have a section of it on ComedyCentral.com wouldn't do it justice.  So the popular shows, The Daily Show, The Colbert Report, and South Park have their own respective sites for full episodes as well as additional features.

In early 2010, after months negotiations, Viacom made the decision to pull Comedy Central's shows off the popular online video service, Hulu.  It's been speculated that Hulu was not offerring enough money given the fact that Comedy Central's shows are among the most watched shows. [44]  Comedy Central may also want to keep the shows exclusively on its sites to keep the control and sales of advertising to its own company. Though this may be the case with Hulu, if a viewer still searches for the shows on the website, they will be directed to the episodes on the Comedy Central sites.  Comedy Central has faced a similar situation like this before.  Back in 2006, material from Comedy Central programming were pulled off the video sharing service, YouTube.  Knowing that the network produces hit shows, Viacom can take the chance and stream the programming through its own site.  This move will have to direct viewers to the website as the shows are not offered on Hulu or YouTube.  Limiting it only to their website takes away the hassle of jumping around from site to site only to watch shows from one network.  The viewer will then know where exactly to find the shows and will keep returning to the Comedy Central website for all of his/her Comedy Central needs, increasing the traffic to its own sites.

Online Advertising

Comedy Central's advertisements are mainly directed at it's target audience, the male 18-34.  When the website's homepage is accessed, there is a preview clip of an upcoming episode in the middle of the page.  The clip does not always automatically play, but when it does, there is usually an advertisement that plays before the preview.  And like most websites that stream video, ads play before and during the clip or episode.  The advertisement on Comedy Central's homepage changes every few days.  There is usually one company that is the main advertisement of the page; this means that the advertisement gets the banner slot, a large rectangular spot on the right side of the page, and is often also the background of the homepage.  With this system, it would be difficult to ignore what is being advertised. Research done on Comedy Central's viewer lifestyle has shown that they are more likely to play video games, consume energy drinks/fast food, and also purchase big ticket items.  Knowing this, car companies, video game companies, and fast food chains such as McDonald's often place advertisements on the site.  Not all advertisers have standalone ads; they are often shown in Comedy Central special ads in which they are "presented by."  When the The Daily Show's website was launched, Tivo, Hyundai, and AT&T were launch sponsors for the new site.  The site integrated banner advertisements, video commercials before and after a show excerpt, and had advertising messages going across the bottom of the screen during the segments. [45]

Para-text

Comedy Central invite viewers the opportunity to interact with it's online website. When the website is accessed, viewers get the option to log in/sign up or connect through the popular social network service, Facebook. Once the viewer is logged in or connected through Facebook, the viewer is now a part of the Comedy Central community; this allows viewers to rate and comment on videos as well as interacting with each fans. Being a part of the community also lets the viewer have a user profile on the website as well as link it to a Twitter account.  This Facebook/Twitter connection allows viewers to "like" or share Comedy Central content to their friends, which in turn generates more traffic on the site.

When Southparkstudios.com was launched in 2008, the new site created an all new "South Park digital experience" for fans. Alongside the great amount of episodes and behind-the-scene videos offered, the site also offers a South Park Avatar Generator in which users can create a character from within the series. With endless possibilities, users can create a perfect personal avatar, allowing them to immerse into the South Park world. 

Comedy Central also has a 'Blogs' tab in which viewers can get more information and news on what's going on beyond the shows.  If the viewer is not up for watching or reading, they can click on the 'Games' tab where the site offers both games related to the shows and those that are sponsored.  And viewers of Comedy Central who want to take their fandom beyond viewership can do so through the network's online store. 

Fan Interaction

Fan Forums
Though Comedy Central does not have a forum on the channels official website, there are many "show specific" website affiliates that house their own forums. These websites have links on the official Comedy Central site. Examples of these websites are http://www.thedailyshow.com and http://www.southparkstudios.com. They provide a platform on which fans can interact and give feedback. This approach has led to a positive image of the network with the show's fans. Overall, the network has a positive standing with most fans of the show. However, certain fan bases such as South Park, show more loyalty towards the program than the channel. On the South Park Studio's forum, in reaction to news that South Park would be renewed for a fifteenth season, a member by the name of gtaca2005 commented, "South Park put Comedy Central on the national cable map. Believe it or not, Comedy Central wasn't that big until South Park. It was big, but not that big." Fans on an external South Park forum, http://awesom-o.com/, reacted with vitriol towards the channel after an episode was pulled for censorship reasons in the UK. Member spikewestphal remarked, "im outraged due to Comedy Central UK decided to pull South Park ep 201 overall. ep 201 it makes me sick to think that muslims get special treatment when Matt Stone and Trey Parker rip on all religns so i started a petition and facebook page witch i will post here". He also provided links to a Facebook petition in his post.
The official forum for The Daily Show has a specially marked section for Fan Suggestions. The suggestions on this site are positive and constructively based criticism for the most part. However, there is some backlash to some of the programs decisions. A recent decision that caused an almost uniformly negative reaction on the forum was the appointment of News Correspondent Olivia Munn. Many members of the forum viewed Munn's appointment to be based purely on her attractiveness, rather than political acumen or comedic abilities. Member SelenesRaven complained that, "I'm sure it's great that she looks so great posing in bikini photos and all, but she is NOT remotely funny. And since when has the Daily Show resigned itself to the base notion that it should use attractive women in order to get ratings, as opposed to using talented comedians?!"

Muhammad Episode, Censoring and Fan Reaction

In April of 2006, Comedy Central aired the episodes "The Cartoon Wars I and II" of South Park, in which the show pokes fun at the controversy surrounding the Muhammad caricature and censorship. South Park creators Matt Stone and Trey Parker received death threats before and after broadcasting of the episode and in the light of these threats, Comedy Central censured the episodes, putting a black box on what would have been a representation of the prophet Muhammad. [46] Muhammad had been shown in previous episodes but was censored in all episodes following "The Cartoon Wars I and II". The censorship goes as far as bleeping his name when referenced. This censorship has been met with mostly criticism and but also some approval from the show's fans. While many fans have pointed to the First Amendment and its principle of freedom of speech, other fans in forums have voiced appreciation and consent with the network's decision. In 2006, Trey and Parker have publicly stated that they accept and do not blame Comedy Central for their censoring. [47] Four years later though, when in Episode "201" the prophet's name was bleeped and the network effectively pulled the episode from the South Park Studios Website, withholding approval to share it online, they did express dismay over the networks handling of the situation. A group, including many South Park fans, then organized the "Everybody Draw Muhammad Day" on May 20th 2010, again insisting on their constitutional right to freedom of speech. Due to negative reactions this "event" was dropped though. [48]

Due to Comedy Central's distinctive programming, fans of these message boards seem to identify themselves with the shows rather than the channel as a whole. Most of the fans are critical of the network when a decision is made that they do not agree with, but praise the show itself for commendable actions. This does not seem to differentiate between the official and unofficial fan forums.

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